Oil bodies (OBs) are organelles for storing lipids, and they are composed of lipid cores and monolayer phospholipid protein membranes. During storage, membrane proteins anchored in the lipid core are often damaged by lipid oxidation products, leading to oxidative damage and a decreased quality of ...
Chlorine aids the oxidation of peptide links owing its electronegativity, and therefore, causes the oxidation of lipids and proteins and, in turn, inflicts damage on the membrane and cell wall of the microbes (McDonnell and Russell 1999). Moreover, hypochlorous acid is the most active compound,...
EPS are mainly comprised of proteins, polysaccharides, amino acids, nucleic acids, lipids, and other biopolymers (humic substances). These EPS, immobilize biofilm cells by providing mechanical stability and keeping them in close proximity, thereby forming an inter-connected cohesive three-dimensional ...
performing heterotrophic denitrification (Gonzalez-Gil et al.2015; Li Wong et al.2023). Aggregates performing anaerobic methane oxidation found in methane-rich marine environments are comprised of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) in the core, surrounded by the layer of diverse sulfate-reducing ...
Enhancement of productivity of Chlorella pyrenoidosa lipids for biodiesel using co-culture with ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in municipal wastewaterAmmonia-degrading bacteriaBiodieselChlorella pyrenoidosaLipidMicroalgaeAs one of the most promising renewable energy, microalgal biodiesel has been widely studied world...
In plant cells, the PM Na+/H+antiporter SOS1 mediates Na+excretion using a proton gradient created by PM H+- ATPases. Therefore, both of these proteins are involved in plant salt tolerance. Much evidence indicates that overexpressingSOS1orAHAincreases the salt tolerance of transgenic plants [...
“low O2” indicates ~10−1to 10−4PAL, and “modern O2” indicates PAL). Qualitative O2levels are indicated by shades of blue, with lighter shades indicating lower O2levels and darker shades indicating higher O2levels (also noted by the scale). The Great Oxidation Event (GOE) and ...
More importantly, disinfectants can react with skin components (proteins and lipids) to facilitate their skin penetration and disrupt the skin barrier function. Whereas the antimicrobial actions of disinfectants are well understood, much less is known regarding their dermatologic reactions, including but ...
During combustion process (∼1000 °C), oxidation occurs to oxidize carbon into carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen into water (H2O), nitrogen into nitrogen gas/oxides (N2/NOx) and sulfur into sulfur dioxide (SO2). For oxygen determination, the elemental analyzer operates by pyrolysis mode in a...
Protein hydrolyzates are product mixtures obtained by acidic, basic or enzymatic catalytic degradation of proteins. The term protein hydrolyzates is also understood according to the invention to refer to individual amino acids and their derivatives as well as mixtures of different amino acids. In addi...