N. (1974). Long-term effect of cigarette smoke on mucociliary function in animals. Respiration 31 , 358–66.Iravani J, Melville GN (1974) Long term effects of cigarette smoke on the mucociliary function in animals. Respiration 31:358–366...
Multicentric cohort study on the long-term efficacy and safety of electronic cigarettes: study design and methodology Background: While electronic cigarettes are forbidden in several countries, their sales are exploding in many others. Although e-cigarettes have been propo... L Manzoli,CL Vecchia,...
This suggests there may be cosmetic benefits for CSs who quit smoking or switch to exclusive use of ECs. Further studies are required to understand the long-term effects of e-cigarette use on breath odour.Similar content being viewed by others A cross-category puffing topography, mouth level ...
Are e-cigarettes really less harmful than conventional cigarettes? This blog post looks at e-cigarettes, e-liquids, and vapor and what kinds of chemicals are in them. Although e-cigarettes contain fewer toxins than combustible cigarettes, the...
The increase in the proportion of adults who perceived e-cigarettes to be equally or more harmful than cigarettes from 2012 to 2017 may reflect consumers’ concerns about the risk of addiction and/or the uncertainty about e-cigarette’s long-term health effects. Importantly, this increase may re...
Long-term effects of nutritional programming of the embryo and fetus: mechanisms and critical windows The maternal nutritional and metabolic environment is critical in determining not only reproduction, but also long-term health and viability. In the presen... ME Symonds,T Stephenson,DS Gardner,.....
Short- and long-term effects of cigarette smoking on heart rate variability. Am J Cardiol. 1990;65(1):84-88.PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref 12. Kleiger RE, Miller JP, Bigger JT Jr, Moss AJ. Decreased heart rate variability and its association with increased mortality after acute myocardial ...
The detrimental long term effects of tar have been known since the 1950s when tumours grew on mice after their skin had been painted with the tar from cigarettes. The chemicals in tar are the main causes of lung and throat cancer among smokers. Part of the cancer causing effect of tar is...
Future research should focus on gaining knowledge about serious and potentially long-term effects of e-cigarettes on the heart, blood vessels and lungs. Studies are needed that include patients with pre-existing cardiopulmonary disease, such as coronary artery disease orchronic obstructive pulmonary dise...
It found that e-cigarettes are now the most commonly used tobacco product among youth in the country and that the situation is worrisome because many e-cigarettes contain nicotine, which is a highly addictive chemical and has long-term adverse effects on the developing brain of adolescents and ...