Cognitive infringements represent an actual problem of modern medicine. In elderly men they usually develop on a background of a chronic ischemia of brain (CHBI). P300 research in 134 patients was carried out to define CHBI influence on the basic components of the caused potentials. The group...
The most common sign of ischemia is pain in the affected area, but it does not always occur. In brain ischemia, the patient can suffer from cognitive, sensory and motor problems. In heart and intestinal ischemia, the patient might have nausea and/or vomiting. And in peripheral ischemia, the...
Oligovascular coupling contributes to white matter vascular homeostasis. However, little is known about the effects of oligovascular interaction on oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) changes in chronic cerebral ischemia. Here, using a mouse of bilatera
Neural stem cells (NSCs) play vital roles in brain homeostasis and exhibit a broad repertoire of potentially therapeutic actions following neurovascular injury. One such injury is stroke, a worldwide leading cause of death and disability. Clinically, ext
Acute administration of selegiline and EGb 761 have been shown to have anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects in experimental ischemia. Their daily use is currently advised to slow down cognitive decline in patients with vascular dementia. Hence, unlike previous studies, we studied the ...
Chronic restraint stress (CRS) has been found to exacerbate neurological impairments in an experimental focal cortical ischemia model. However, there have been no studies reporting the effect and mechanism of CRS on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of CRS on ...
chronic diseases such as transcription factors (NF-κB, STAT3) and their downstream products such as inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) and pro-inflammatory enzymes such as COX-2, MMP-9, cell adhesion molecules (CAM), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) etc. [1,15...
the primary sources for TNF-α synthesis. TNF-α synthesis is stimulated by a wide variety of agents. In macrophages, it is induced by biological, chemical, and physical stimuli such as viruses, bacterial and parasitic products, tumor cells, complement, cytokines, ischemia, trauma, and ...
This chapter presents various possibilities for chronic activation of the immune system as a result of trauma-related brain changes. In order to transfer the central nervous system trauma sequelae to the periphery in the direction of the immune system, there are four essential links between the bra...
Excessive inflammation and blood–brain barrier (BBB) destruction in the acute phase and subacute phase of TBI aggravate cerebral edema, resulting in ischemia and hypoxia in local brain tissues and inducing brain cell apoptosis6,7. At present, the clinical treatments for severe TBI (sTBI) mainly ...