Outcomes were based on the Danish death and causes of death registers (all-cause and cardiovascular mortality) or the diagnoses (ICD10) codes in the Danish National Patient Register; myocardial infarction (I21-I22), stroke (I60-I66, G45), heart failure (HF) (I50), peripheral artery diseas...
Hypertension is strongly related to damage in the microvasculature of the kidneys (hypertensive nephrosclerosis), one of the most common pathways leading to end stage renal disease [25]. Whether CKD is a cause of hypertension or vice versa is not clear and has long been a matter of debate. ...
Chronic pain is common in Europe and elsewhere and its under treatment confers a substantial burden on individuals, employers, healthcare systems and society in general. Indeed, the personal and socioeconomic impact of chronic pain is as great as, or gre
Cardiovascular mortality was ascertained using the ICD-10 codes I00-I78. Covariates of interest The factors considered in the study were age, gender, ethnicity, education, Townsend deprivation indices (TDI, UK Biobank only), annual household income (NHANES only), lifestyle factors including alcohol...
Although depression was one of the leading drivers of expenditures in unadjusted descriptive models, it was not among the top 10 predictors. Conclusion Among older adults with MCC, cardiac and renal conditions were the leading drivers of total expenditures and OOP expenditures. Our findings suggest...
Consequently, patients with CKD comprise a heterogenous group including those with preserved kidney function on one end and those with end-stage renal disease on the other end. Diabetes is the leading cause of CKD and a well-established risk factor of cardiovascular disease in the general ...
Inclusion criteria were presence of CKD (stages 2-5), defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 for 3 months, using the 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula.17 Patients with stage 2 CKD (estimated GFR of 60-89 mL/min/...
NKF-stages of chronic kidney disease NKF-stages Stage 1 CKD Stage 2 CKD Stage 3 CKD Stage 4 CKD Stage 5 CKD Chronic kidney disease and the skeleton PD Miller et al Evaluation criteria GFR ,110 mL?min–1 with evidence of intrinsic renal damage (proteinuria, etc.) GFR ,90–60 mL?min–...
Dialysis and renal transplant patients were excluded. Adjusted odds ratios for factors associated with an elevated urea-to-creatinine ratio were calculated. Multivariate regression was conducted to identify the relationship between elevated UCR and inpatient mortality, intensive care admission, hospital ...
The distribution of eGFR and prevalence of the different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population and in patients with heart failure with reduced (HFREF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) is presented in Table 1 5, 6. In both HFREF and HFPEF, renal dysfunction ...