Chromosomes, genes, proteins and wheat endosperm.Francisco Garcia OlmedoPilar Carbonero
Convergent genes shape budding yeast pericentromeres The three-dimensional structure of pericentromeres in budding yeast is defined by convergent genes, which mark pericentromere borders and trap cohesin complexes loaded at centromeres, generating an architecture that allows correct chromosome segregation. ...
Building a eukaryotic chromosome arm by de novo design and synthesis In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the left arm of chromosome XII only requires 12 genes to maintain cell viability, whereas 25 genes are needed for robust fitness. Here the authors demonstrate that the entire arm can be replaced by...
The packets are accessible for copying in the cell and are transportable. When a cell splits to make two new cells, a copy of each chromosome can be moved into each of the newly forming cells. Genes and Chromosomes What do genes and chromosomes have to do with each other? In chromosomes...
While the chromosomes for other parts of the body are the same size and shape — forming an identical pairing — the X and Y chromosomes have different structures. The X chromosome is significantly longer than the Y chromosome and contains hundreds more genes. Because the additional genes in th...
Homologous chromosome: A pair of chromosomes that are the same size, have the same banding pattern, have the centromere located in the same location, and contain genes that code for the same trait. 3. 染色体上的基因以线状顺序排列,基因的位置称基因位点(locus,复数loci),每个基因有两个或以上不...
By targeting Cas9 to the CENP-B or mCherry genes, a double-stranded break is generated within the DNA-binding domain or β-barrel of CENP-B and mCherry genes, respectively, which, when repaired via NHEJ, generates an indel that leads to a premature stop codon. Briefly, HT1080Dox-...
The chromosomes were imaged in metaphase, just before they were about to divide into two daughter cells. This is when packaging proteins wind up the DNA into very compact, precise structures. Archana Bhartiya, a PhD student at the London Centre for Nanotechnology at UCL and lead author of...
Once the chromosomal region is found, molecular and computational methods are used to identify all genes in the region and to pick up "candidate" genes for further testing. Some of the candidate genes are identified by determining whether their encoded proteins fit the trait or disease of ...
Cells package their DNA not only to protect it, but also to regulate which genes are accessed and when. Cellular genes are therefore similar to valuable files stored in a file cabinet — but in this case, the cabinet's drawers are constantly opening and closing; various files are continually...