"Household Income and its Distribution in China", Chapter 1 of Griffm, Keith and Zhao Renwei (eds.), The Distribution of Income in China, Macmillan, London.Khan, A.R., K. Griffin, C. Riskin, and R.W. Zhao. 1993. Household income and its distribution in China. In The distribution ...
China has improved its social security system in recent decades, with the aim of achieving universal coverage and improving the equity of income distribution. Based on data from the five rounds of Chinese Household Income Project surveys from 1988 to 2018, this paper examines the long-term redistr...
Presents an overview of the findings of a study on household income and its distribution in China in 1988. Definitions and concepts; Estimates of incomes and their components; Distribution of income; Provincial incomes and their distribution; Estimates of income distribution before 1988; Income distrib...
We have defined household income distribution in Eq. (1), where the subscripts f, g, and t denote factor (labour, capital, and transfer), household group, and time (year). HGIgt stands for the gross income of a household group. YHft refers to household factor income; INSfgt is ratios...
The United States' Gini for household income has increased by around ten percent since 1990, to 0.47 in 2023. Development of inequality in China Growing inequality counts as one of the biggest social, economic, and political challenges to many countries, especially emerging markets. Over the ...
household income gaps in China during the planned economy isnot difficult to explain: First, state-owned and collective enterprisesreplaced private and individual businesses in cities and People’s Communes werecreated in the countryside; second, salary determination and distribution werebrought under ...
On the basis of a household data set this paper: compares household income inequality in urban and rural China; decomposes inequality into intra- and interprovincial components; and analyzes the contribution of various income sources to total income equality. The main findings of the paper are first...
IncomeUncertaintyandHouseholdSavingsin China MarcosChamon,KaiLiu,andEswarPrasad WP/10/289 ©2010InternationalMonetaryFundWP/10/289 IMFWorkingPaper ResearchDepartment IncomeUncertaintyandHouseholdSavingsinChina PreparedbyMarcosChamon,KaiLiu,andEswarPrasad * AuthorizedfordistributionbyAtishR.Ghosh December2010 This...
The Urban-Rural Income Gap and Income Inequality in China Studies of China's inequality almost universally report that the gap between urban and rural household incomes in China is large, has increased over time, and contributes substantially to overall inequality. According to most estimates, ......
This chapter investigates the extent and nature of poverty in rural China, using survey data from our household income survey of 1988. The first section contains some historical background and introduces the data set. Next we discuss the conception and measurement of poverty, derive a direct nutri...