Household socioeconomic status was assessed by asking: “What is the financial status of your family?” (1 = good, 2 = fair, and 3 = poor). The living arrangements were measured by the question: “Who are you currently living with?” (1 = living with both parents, ...
To systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the evidence for the impact of parenting interventions for incarcerated parents on parenting knowledge and skills, parent well-being, and quality of the parent–child relationship. Methods A systematic search of 19 published and unpublished literature ...