Due to the inert CAr–NO2bond, direct denitrative substitution reactions with unactivated nitroarenes are challenging. Now, using visible-light irradiation, a strategy has been developed to enable direct aromatic denitrative chlorination. Chlorine radicals can replace the NO2moiety in a wide range ...
The C–H functionalization of inert alkanes has long been one of the most challenging reactions in organic synthesis. Now, the use of hypervalent iodine reagents has enabled the diverse functionalization of various aliphatic C–H bonds under blue light irradiation, achieving a high level of reactivi...
In situ spectroscopy and electrochemistry indicate that interfacial water structures formed in a neutral electrolyte are affected by oxide impurities within the catalyst layer. This leads to more rapidly exchanging free water at the catalyst interface and improved hydrogen evolution reactions. ...
Congo red (CR) is a benzidine-based anionic bis-azo dye, which potentially causes allergic reactions, anaphylactic shock, reproductive effects, substernal pain, cold sweats, visual impairment, and vomiting [5–7]. As CR is extremely soluble and perpetual in water, it is difficult to remove by...
Melts to form a silvery ball, which moves about very quickly on the water surface with a hissing sound, and it burns with a lilac flame. Na Sodium reacts with cold water in a similar way as potassium, but less vigorously. Burns with a golden yellow flame. ...
This chapter provides an overview of the recent progress in performing synthetically important pericyclic reactions in (and "on") water. In the past, these reactions were almost exclusively carried out in organic solvents to avoid problems arising from the limited solubility of the reagents in ...
are unpredictable and difficult to control spatiotemporally, albeit reproducible over subsequent cycles. Here, we show that it is possible to generate reproducible spatiotemporal patterns in out-of-equilibrium chemical reactions and self-assembling systems in...
Chemical reactions must be distinguished from physical changes. Physical changes include changes of state, such as ice melting to water and water evaporating to vapour. If a physical change occurs, the physical properties of a substance will change, but its chemical identity will remain the same....