A molecule of DNA is a very long, coiled structure that contains many identifiable subunits known as genes. In prokaryotes, or cells without a nucleus, the chromosome is merely a circle of DNA. In eukaryotes, or cells with a distinct nucleus, chromosomes are much more complex in structure. ...
Although there are multiple types of RNA molecules, the basic structure of all RNA is similar. Each kind of RNA is a polymeric molecule made by stringing together individual ribonucleotides, always by adding the 5'-phosphate group of one nucleotide onto the 3'-hydroxyl group of the previous ...
The presence of three haploid sets of chromosomes, instead of two, in all cells; results in fetal or neonatal death. triplopia (trip-lo′pe-a) Visual defect in which three images of the same object are seen. SYN: triple vision. [G. triploos, triple, + opsis, sight] tripod (tri...
function. Ideally, this should proceed with near total conversion to generate homogenous constructs2,3,4. The applications of modified proteins are many; they are as varied as thein vivotracking of protein–fluorophore conjugates5to the polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylation of therapeutic proteins to ...
We further explored various sequence characteristics of chr29 relative to the rest of the genome. The proportion of GC bases is slightly elevated compared to other chromosomes (Supplementary Fig.9). As is typical of non-recombining hemizygous chromosomes23, lepidopteran W chromosomes are highly degene...
cellular function and genomic stability, including processes such as the inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes in female mammals; genomic imprinting such that genes are expressed in a manner dependent on the parent-of-origin; and the silencing of moveable genetic elements called transposons....
By accepting optional cookies, you consent to the processing of your personal data - including transfers to third parties. Some third parties are outside of the European Economic Area, with varying standards of data protection. See our privacy policy for more information on the use of your perso...
Methods such as CRISPR–Cas9 can target essentially any region of the genome and have been shown to function in many species, including several host species that are well suited for the industrial-scale production of small molecules. Abstract Bacterial genomes encode the biosynthetic potential to ...
The past decade has seen a quantum leap in our understanding of the biochemical mechanisms of chromatin remodeling, the CMPs involved in these mechanisms, the pathogenic roles of altered CMPs in human diseases, and approaches to the design and discovery of small-molecule modulators of these proteins...
“Plasmid” means a circular or linear DNA molecule that is substantially smaller than a chromosome, is separate from the chromosome or chromosomes of a microorganism, and replicates separately from the chromosome or chromosomes. A plasmid can be present in about one copy per cell or in more tha...