These waters makeup as much as 10–30% of chemical wastewater (Brinkmann et al. 2016) but can account for up to 90% of total pollutant emissions. Other examples of wastewaters that are less closely connected to the production process but ultimately lead to water pollution: waters for clearanc...
minimizing the dissolved solids content of the cooling water can lower the amount of cooling tower blowdown. A significant portion of the total dissolved solids in the cooling water can originate in the cooling water makeup stream in the form of naturally occurring calcium carbonates. Such solids...
which forms part of the many sluggish tidal creeks that drain into the Lagos Lagoon at Yaba Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria (Fig.1). Makoko in Lagos State is located within the coordinates of Latitude 6.29ºN and Longitude 3.23º E of the Equator...
The scrub liquor should be a strength of 2 wt % KMnO4. Sodium bicarbonate – about 2 wt % – should be added to buffer the solution to a pH of about 8.4. Carus Chemical Company’s literature (www.caruschem.com) describes the makeup of permanganate scrubbing liquids. A packed scrubbing ...
but sargassum use and valorisation may generate income and offset environmental damage. A significant barrier to the valorisation of sargassum is insufficient knowledge of its chemical makeup, as well as its seasonal variation and decay after stranding. The chemical characterisation of mixed sargassum an...
Different materials’ infrared spectra differ depending on their chemical makeup, so it is possible to see the presence of various bonds or groups of atoms (functional groups) and, consequently, determine composition. To demonstrate, consider Figure 5 below which illustrates optical images and FTIR ...