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The backward arrow (←) indicates that the reaction is taking place in the backward direction. In this case, the reaction gives a higher yield of reactants. The bidirectional arrow (↔ or ⇋) refers to an equilibrium system. When the process requires power, it’s usually highlighted over...
The ionization state of a chemical element depends strictly on the temperature and is regulated by the Saha equation in the lowest atmosphere, but by collisional equilibrium in the optically-thin corona. 化學元素的電離狀態嚴格取決於溫度,並由最低層大氣中的薩哈方程調節,但要由低光薄日冕中的碰撞來...
<~>: equilibrium ===: stoichiometric These different relationships are reprensented by the enumeration,Reaction. TheChemicalEquation#balancemethod will determine if the equation is balanced, that is, the number of atoms of each element is the same on the left and right sides of the equation. ...
A built-in database of over 300 compounds with density tables, making all calculations fast – and accurate. More Info BATE pH calculator – acid/base equilibrium, titration curves. No approximations made – if you see a calculated pH, that will be its exact value. And it is calculated on...
Ch 2. Atom Ch 3. The Periodic Table Ch 4. Nuclear Chemistry Ch 5. Chemical Bonding Ch 6. Liquids and Solids Ch 7. Gases Ch 8. Solutions Ch 9. Stoichiometry Ch 10. Chemical Reactions Ch 11. Equilibrium Ch 12. Kinetics Ch 13. Thermodynamics Ch 14. Studying for Chemistry 101Balancing...
Chemical Equation Calculator Enter the Chemical Equation: Balance Chemical Equation Calculator is a free online tool that displays the structure, balanced equation, equilibrium constant, substance properties with chemical names and formulas. BYJU’S online chemical equation calculator tool makes the predictio...
The forward reaction arrow, the reverse reaction arrow, the equilibrium arrow, and the double-headed arrow. States of matter The States of matter icon allows students to enter the appropriate physical state of a compound or ion into the answer blank. It will only appear on the CEM if the ...
A chemical reaction is usually written in a way that suggests it proceeds in one direction, the direction in which we read, but all chemical reactions are reversible, and both the forward and reverse reaction occur to one degree or another depending on conditions. In a chemical equilibrium, th...
The subsequent study of the equilibrium of chemical reactions led C. Guldberg and P. Waage to the discovery (1864–67) of the law of mass action which formed the basis of the study of reaction rates. The systematic studies of N. A. Menshutkin, begun in 1877, made significant ...