Microevolution is defined as a change in allele frequencies in a population over generations. Explain what an allele is in genetic terms. Which mechanism of evolution is responsible for the change in allele frequencies over time due to...
Seasonal plasticity is accomplished via tightly regulated developmental cascades that translate environmental cues into trait changes. Little is known about how alternative splicing and other posttranscriptional molecular mechanisms contribute to plastic
Global conditions are changing at a geologically unprecedented rate, and the frequency of extreme events is increasing due to human activities resulting in chronic and novel environmental changes1. However, species can use genetic adaptation, physiological plasticity, or both to persist2,3,4. Genetic ...
In this manuscript, we aim at understanding in how far Lotka-Volterra population size fluctuations and the associated stochastic effects influence the dynamics of allele frequency changes during host-parasite coevolution. While several previous theoretical models have applied the Lotka-Volterra dynamics to...
to process all 138 samples with the optimum M andnvalues (M = n = 4). Finally, the results were filtered using the program “populations”, in which polymorphic RAD loci that were present in at least 40% of the individuals across populations, had a minor allele frequency >...
which are slightly different in term of sequence length, also helped with the PCR screening of these clones (Fig.2a) due to the different sizes of respective PCR amplicons. When this method was applied to iPSCs in this study, twelve clones were selected from which one showed the desired ch...
$$Kappa=1-\frac{1-observed\,probability}{1-chance\,probability}$$ (2) $$Positive\,predictive\,value=\frac{number\,of\,true\,positives}{total\,number\,of\,positive\,predictions}$$ (3) $$Negative\,predictive\,value=\frac{number\,of\,true\,negatives}{total\,number\,of\,negative\,pred...
Each female has a chance of meeting a male each year as long as she has not reproduced in the two preceding years [8,23,24]. There is currently little information on how males and females encounter each other, but it is commonly assumed that these turtles mate in designated mating areas...
However, rather than alternating between an ON and OFF state, antigenic variation mechanisms generate variations in the sequence of surface proteins resulting in the expression of different forms and structures of the antigenic proteins on the cell surface [17–19]. As such, due to the similar ...
2.2.1. Variation in Length of DNA Short Sequence Repeats (SSRs)SSRs are homo- or hetero-nucleotide repeats in DNA that are highly prone to insertion/deletion (indel) errors due to Slipped-Strand Mispairings (SSMs) during DNA replication [35...