integrationAn overview of the main characteristics of different actors within the Argentinian fine wine chain is presented, together with a study of the most relevant horizontal and vertical ties among actors, focused on the supply chain analysis (SCA) and network analysis (NA) perspective. Special...
integratedvaluechainthroughdifferentfacetsofcontractualagreementsbetweenotherwiseindependentfirms.Andfinally,iftheassetspecificityislow,transactionsaretobeperformedthroughpuremarketmechanisms.However,whereasgreatemphasishasbeenputontransactioncostsandverticalintegration, firms’ very ability or capacity to leverage economic ...
1. Vertical integration.This strategy enables an organization to integrate unrelated subsystems into one functional unit by creatingsilosbased on their functionalities. Each layer or element in vertical integration works upward and the process of integration is expedited by using only a handful of vendo...
due to the inability to standardize integration, analysis, and utilization, it greatly reduces the operational efficiency of employees and equipment. The emergence of large models can solve this problem well, but it also requires a large amount of data for training...
In doing so, the analysis helps to inform current debates about the suitability of the emerging PPR agenda and discussions about the appropriate role, functioning, and integration of the new Pandemic Fund within a larger PPR and DAH agenda. As will be argued, it remains unclear how the ...
Most EU countries are facing the arrival of an unprecedented number of refugees and have been grappling with how to respond in a comprehensive and coordinated way to the immediate needs of asylum seekers and the longer-term issues of integration. Furthermore, the challenges of labour shortages ...
When the concept of vertical farming has been first brought up by Columbia professor Dickson D. Despommier, it is a direct reaction to the ever-growing population. In order to meet the needs of the food supply to an expected 9 billion population by 2050, the food production is facing a tr...
The field of microbiome research has evolved rapidly over the past few decades and has become a topic of great scientific and public interest. As a result of this rapid growth in interest covering different fields, we are lacking a clear commonly agreed definition of the term “microbiome.” ...
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The CRISPR system is a revolutionary genome editing tool that has the potential to revolutionize the field of cancer research and therapy. The ability to precisely target and edit specific genetic mutations that drive the growth and spread of tumors has