"Urban Sanitation Technologies: The Challenges of Reaching the Urban Poor" Essay for Symposium on Urban Sanitation. IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre. Delft, The Netherlands.Holden R. 2008 Urban sanitation technologies: the challenges of reaching the urban poor. In Sanitation for the ...
Poor sanitation is a leading cause of child mortality. Today, an estimated 800 children under five years of age die every day from diarrheal disease caused by lack of hygienic water and sanitary living situations. Approximately 950 million people also still defecate in the open. This exposes area...
In all likelihood, if this were happening in any Canadian municipality on the same scale as in First Nations, a state of emergency would be declared and all resources would be brought to bear to address the crisis.” The quality of drinking water’s supplies in rural and FNI’s communities...
The second is the work of the Indian Alliance that brought together the Indian National Slum Dwellers’ Federation (NSDF), a women’s network initiated by pavement dwellers (Mahila Milan) and an NGO called the Society for the Promotion of Resource Centres (SPARC). Their sanitation work began ...
Urbanization has brought about significant impacts and challenges to societies around the world. As more people move from rural areas to urban centers, cities are experiencing rapid growth and development, leading to a range of social, economic, and environmental issues. From overcrowding and inadequat...
Having grown up on the fringes of what was in effect a civil war, I have to mark the passing of the man who brought peace to this place. When I was growing up in Ireland in the 1980s , it was a tough and hard place at times. The nightly news brought updates on the ongoing turm...
12 The magnitude of problem multiplies in countries like Iran as a result of unilateral sanctions13 that has brought overwhelming challenges to the health system,14 particularly for people in the lower socioeconomic status.15 In addition, many citizens with chronic conditions, e.g., noncommunicable...
The high prevalence of traditional medicine, which is sometimes viewed as at odds with the adoption of a more modern health system, should instead be viewed as an opportunity to reach a wider portion of the population, if only this practice can be brought into the overall health strategy and...
The rapid___of urbanization has brought about significant changes to our cities and the lives of their inhabitants (居民). While urban growth can___economic prosperity and technological advancements, it also___a myriad of social and environmental challenges. Cities are becoming increasingly...
China’s current infrastructure developments in Africa follow China’s development pattern, which brought economic prosperity to China over the last 40 years (Brautigam, 2009). China’s declared intent to create a ‘harmonious Asia’ and foster regional economic integration hints at the geopolitical ...