The patient continued to receive intermittent cervical traction, gentle mobilisation of the cervical spine and manipulation to the upper thoracic area, along with massage therapy twice per week. Four days later team medical staff referred the patient for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI ...
MRI without contrast, CT scanning, and in some cases plain radiography can all be appropriate imaging techniques for nontraumatic cervical radiculopathy. MRI is recommended prior to interventional treatments. Exercise with or without other treatments can be beneficial. There is scant evidence for the ...
In contrast with the upper cervical vertebrae, all five vertebrae in the lower cervical spine possess a vertebral body with superior concave and inferior convex surfaces. The uncinate process is a characteristic feature of lower cervical vertebrae that articulates with a depressed area of the adjacent...
Anatomic variations of the lumbar spine that can make visualization of the targets difficult include scoliosis, spondylolisthesis, a sixth lumbar vertebra, or four lumbar vertebrae with a sacralized fifth vertebra. Reviewing imaging studies (x-rays, CT, or magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] scans) pri...
51 Although spondylosis appears most obviously in the cervical spine because of its mobility, it may occur in other areas of the spine, especially the lower lumbar spine. The condition begins with intervertebral disc degeneration, which can occur as a result of damage to the disc or poor ...
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine (C-OPLL) is a degenerative disorder that leads to the narrowing of the spinal canal and compression of both the spinal cord and nerve roots. This condition is more prevalent in East Asian populations, with marked regional ...
MRI scans of one patient showing lymph node metastases involving the carotid artery. a-b Axial contrast-enhanced T1WI and T2WI showing > 180 degree of encasement of the internal carotid artery with a blurred fat plane (black arrow) and < 180 degree of encasement of the external carot...
(Figure 1, Table 1). Laboratory tests showed WBC count 9600/µL, CRP count 7.58 mg/d, and elevated inflammatory markers. Simple X-ray and CT of the cervical spine showed only deformation in the cervical spine, but MRI of the cervical spine revealed a high signal change in the right ...
1 When the cervical disc has a protrusion or extrusion, it can cause stenosis, or narrowing of the spinal cord (Fig. 1.4). Sign in to download full-size image Fig. 1.4. Sagittal view of MRI cervical spine illustrating stenosis at C5–C6 level.(Source: https://www.journaloforthopaedic...
In contrast, when instructed to perform wrist extension, we did not observe distinct activation of the ECR muscle with or without stimulation. However, spectral plot analysis demonstrated that scTS enhanced the firing frequency of the muscles to a degree comparable to that of a neurologically intact...