The histologic pattern of pilomatrixoma is characterized by irregular islands of epithelial cells in a cellular stroma. The epithelial cells, which have round-to-oval nuclei and scanty cytoplasm, are found in the periphery of the tumor. In the central areas, anucleated “shadow” cells dominate...
Variables evaluated for their association with outcome included age, sex, duration of pain, opioid use, pain referral pattern, paraspinal tenderness, pain exacerbated by extension/rotation, magnetic resonance image abnormalities, diabetes, smoking, scoliosis, obesity, prior surgery, and levels treated. ...
Wide, ataxic gait pattern • Poor hand dexterity • Weakness • Lhermitte's phenomena—A sensation of electric shocks radiating down the arms when axial pressure is applied to the head • Dysdiadochokinesia—Loss of coordination and dexterity of the hands, especially during rapid movements...
Melzack and Loeser15 proposed the existence of a central pattern-generating mechanism as the reason for phantom body pain in patients with paraplegia that persisted after removal of an entire section of the spinal cord (segmental cordectomy). The present study expands their concept and sheds new ...