理查___共同性[translate] aThere is an oldsaying that 那里oldsaying那[translate] aCENTRALIZED OR DECENTRALIZED ORGANIZATION 集中化或分散的组织[translate]
Although decentralized management relies on input and knowledge from many levels in an organization, employees and managers should still have a clear understanding of their job responsibilities and whom to approach if they need help. This management style requires ongoing learning, which depends on havi...
CENTRALIZEDVS. DECENTRALIZEDCOMPUTING: ORGANIZATIONALCONSIDERATIONSANDMANAGEMENTOPTIONS JohnLeslieKingl UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine 1. INTRODUCTION Managersofcomputingin organizationshave confronteddecisionsabout centralizingordecentralizingcomputingeversincethecomputerprovedtobe ...
This chapter discusses the relative advantages of two major alternative computer configurations: (1) the centralized system, the large central computer and staff; and (2) the decentralized system, comprised of numbers of small computers located at various sites, interconnected by telecommunications ...
Centralized and decentralized References: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/centralized-vs-decentralized-organizational-structure-2785.html http://www.12manage.com/methods_centralization_decentralization.html http://www.econlib.org/library/YPDBooks/Lalor/llCy200.html Premium Management Decision making 2526...
Internal organization and economic performance: The case of large U.S. commercial banks. Impact of bank costs of centralized versus decentralized decision-making; Product delivery systems; Bank-office operations.Hunter Hunter,William,C. - 《Economic Perspectives》 被引量: 19发表: 1995年 加载更多来源...
Transfer Pricing as a Strategic Device for Decentralized Multinationals Keywords: Centralized vs. de-centralized decisions, taxes, transfer prices, MNEs. JEL-Classification: H25, F23, L23.Soren Bo NielsenPascalis RaimondosGuttorm SchjelderupC.E.P.R. Discussion Papers... G Schjelderup,L Sorgard ...
On the one hand, the PI eventually changes the organization from centralized to decentralized (Fu, Ionescu, Aghezzaf, & De Keyser, 2014), while on the other hand, it could eventually make the distribution channel more direct and shorter than the traditional hierarchical network. The changes ...
Decentralized Organization Definition, Structure & Example Time Management Group Activities Create an account to start this course today Used by over 30 million students worldwide Create an account Explore our library of over 88,000 lessons Search Browse Browse by subject Plans...
Starting with a centralized approach may fit the needs of an organization that has a strong orientation on stability and control. A decentralized approach may fit an organization that favors individuality and flexibility. Most Agile transformations have traditionally been IT specific initiatives. This may...