localized in the hypothalamus [3]. The primary role of SCN is to provide subordinate clocks in the brain and peripheral tissues, through several pathways (See "Overview of SCN-driven inputs to peripherel clocks"), with temporal information aligning a multitude of clock-associated...
At the cytoplasmic stage, the Dicer (another type of Rnase III) and transactivation response RNA-binding protein (TRBP) complex acts on pre-miRNAs following its appearance in cytoplasm, separates the terminal loop and, as a result, small ds-miRNAs of 21–24 nucleotides in extent, known as sm...
Dairou J, Atmane N, Rodrigues-Lima F, Dupret JM (2004) Peroxynitrite irreversibly inactivates the human xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) in human breast cancer cells: a cellular and mechanistic study. J Biol Chem 279(9):7708–7714. https://doi.org/10.1074...
Wolff NC, Vega-Rubin-de-Celis S, Xie XJ, Castrillon DH, Kabbani W, Brugarolas J (2011) Cell-type-dependent regulation of mTORC1 by REDD1 and the tumor suppressors TSC1/TSC2 and LKB1 in response to hypoxia. Mol Cell Biol 31:1870–1884 ArticleCAS DeYoung MP, Horak P, Sofer A, Sgro...
Under normal cellular conditions, NF-κB binds to and is negatively regulated by an inhibitor of kappa B (IκB) in the cytoplasm. Following an inflammatory stimulus, IκB is phosphorylated by the IκB kinase (IKK) complex and undergoes proteasomal degradation. This allows NF-κB to translocate...
elegans by inducing the gene expression of Nrf2-like xenobiotic and oxidative stress-response factor (SKN-1) target genes [72]. Regulation of this pathway was also confirmed in mammals: in 1α(OH)ase-/- mice, 1,25D upregulated Nrf2, reduced ROS, decreased DNA damage, p16/Rb and p53/...
De Martino MU, Alesci S, Chrousos GP, Kino T (2004) Interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor and the chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII): implications for the actions of glucocorticoids on glucose, lipoprotein, and xenobiotic metabolism. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1024...
fully elucidated.aKYNA is an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor AhR. According to the biological effects of AhR activation, three possible types of interactions may be suggested: via PI3K/Akt pathway, ERK signalling pathway or by activation of the expression of xenobiotic and non-xenobiotic ...