The morphology of filamentous fungi The filamentous fungi consists of two pats: the mycelium and the spores. The filamentous fungi develop multicellular branching structures known as hyphae, which are connected filaments of vegetative cells. Integrated masses of hyphae are called a mycelium. Each hypha...
Both animal AND plant cells have a cell membrane / plasma membrane to regulate TRANSPORT of materials The cytoplasm is the “filling” of the cell” (mostly water) Ribosomes are the sites of protein SYNTHESIS Organelles: “little organs” Carry out STERNGRR processes Mitochondria Organelles: “li...
While single-cell technologies have greatly advanced our comprehension of human brain cell types and functions, studies including large numbers of donors and multiple brain regions are needed to extend our understanding of brain cell heterogeneity. Integrating atlas-level single-cell data presents a chan...
Tertiary lymphoid structures generate and propagate anti-tumor antibody-producing plasma cells in renal cell cancer. Immunity. 2022;55(3):527-541.e5. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Patil NS, Nabet BY, Müller S, et al. Intratumoral plasma cells predict outcomes to PD-L1 blockade in non-...
The count table, a numeric matrix of genes × cells, is the basic input data structure in the analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data. A common preprocessing step is to adjust the counts for variable sampling efficiency and to transform them so
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[61] and results were summarized in Additional file4. We performed functional clustering with DAVID [62] using genes with significant DTU (adjustedP-value < 0.01) as input (Additional file5). The transcript structures in all figures were plotted usinggeom_alignmentinggbio[63] (1.36.0). We ...
[56]. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) were determined based on the mean expression of TLS-signature genes [57]. IFNy and expanded immune scores were obtained by averaging the gene expression levels of the included genes for the IFN-γ (6-gene) and expanded immune (18-gene) signatures, ...
2d,e and Methods). Fig. 2: Tumor subclusters with distinct cellular functions. a, Differential pathway enrichment case-level tumor subpopulations. Each column is a different tumor subcluster; the top bar indicates treatment and the bottom indicates case ID. Two samples are highlighted: HT185P1 ...
The sarcomeric interaction of α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) with Titin is vital for cardiac structure and contraction. However, the mechanism regulating this interaction in normal and failing hearts remains unknown. Lactate is a crucial energy substrate