Biology A level OCR - Eukaryotic Cell Structure. This is following the OCR textbook for A level biology. The cheat sheet is on module 2, foundations in biology. Cells There are two fundamental types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. ...
Systematic characterization of how genetic variation modulates gene regulation in a cell type-specific context is essential for understanding complex traits. To address this question, we profile gene expression and chromatin accessibility in cells
whose elegant and detailed drawings of neurons provided the foundation for developing an understanding of the structure and function of these cells. Using novel staining techniques, Cajal and Golgi were able to provide a level of resolution to the microscopic structures in the brain that had hitherto...
3). Therefore, in obese adipose tissue, O-ADSCs may play a crucial role in activating and maintaining M1-type macrophages, which could contribute to the development and maintenance of obesity and obesity-related diseases. Intriguingly, we found that the mitochondrial structure of O-ADSCs was ...
The advent of micro-physiological systems (MPS) in biomedical research has enabled the introduction of more complex and relevant physiological into in vitro models. The recreation of complex morphological features in three-dimensional environments can re
Mitochondria, universally acknowledged as the cellular powerhouses, harbor a distinctive dual membrane structure, complete with cristae and a unique circular genome. These organelles are not merely confined to energy production; their functions extend to calcium regulation, amino acid metabolism, and the...
A tight cristae structure indicates mitochondrial fitness, whereas swollen, balloon-like, remodeled cristae (Figure 1b) denotes either mitochondrial damage or cells not relying on mitochondrial respiration for their metabolic and survival needs (Vincent et al., 2016). Whereas western blot analysis is...
BCAT2过表达或下调BCAT2并不影响细胞内乙酰CoA水平和组蛋白乙酰化,这是通过抑制ATP柠檬酸裂解酶下调的(图3a-d)。此外,在KC小鼠中,BCAT2敲除后,腺泡细胞(而不是PanIN导管细胞)的组蛋白乙酰化显著降低(图3e),表明在腺泡-导管转化期间,腺泡细胞中BCAA衍生的乙酰辅酶A发挥重要作用,但在导管细胞中没有。
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is multi-cellular, spatially heterogenous, and contains cell-generated gradients of soluble molecules. Current cell-based model systems lack this complexity or are difficult to interrogate microscopically. We present a 2D
Glioblastoma contains a rare population of self-renewing brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs) which are endowed with properties to proliferate, spur the growth of new tumors, and at the same time, evade ionizing radiation (IR) and chemotherapy. However, the dr