Organelles are membrane-enclosed compartments in the cells that perform different functions. • Nucleus The nucleus is enveloped in a double membrane, which is contiguous to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). On the membrane are pores that regulate the constant flow of entry and exit of molecules ...
This model suggests continual phenotypic changes as the stem cell progresses through cell cycle, immediately explaining the constant heterogeneity observed with different stem/progenitor classes. This also suggests a stem cell calculus in which the cell cycle related phenotype changes are the derivatives ...
Computational trajectory inference typically demands prior biological knowledge to determine the directionality of cell state changes, often by specifying an initial cell13, thereby limiting its applicability to normal developmental scenarios with known cell-fate hierarchies. RNA velocity14has been shown recen...
The structure of CAR has been constantly updated (Fig.1). First-generation CAR consisted of an extracellular structural domain recognizing antigen and a single intracellular motif. Still, there were no costimulatory molecules in the structure, making it difficult for CAR-T cells to persist in patie...
To illustrate these differences, we simulated mRNA mixtures where the within-leukocyte proportion of five immune cell populations was kept constant and equal while the proportions of tumor cells varied (Fig. 4a). In this setting, only MCP-counter was able to accurately reflect the difference in ...
The proposed method is based on two assumptions: (1) the number of labelled cells traversing the cell cycle per unit time is constant and (2) the total number of labelled cells is constant throughout the cycle, provided that cells produced after division are excluded. The total numbers of ...
where γ is the circle’s radius in bins,nis the number of occupancy of samples within the circle,sis the total number of spikes fired within the circle, and α is a constant parameter set to 10,000. With a position sampling frequency at 50 Hz, the firing rate assigned to that bin...
whereσerrrepresents the magnitude of the localization error, which may arise due to spatial resolution in the experiment. Note that the first term of the Eq.6converges to zero ast → 0, while the second term is a constant. The first term corresponds to the mean-square displacement of...
PSS/PET electrode had a sheet resistance of 359 Ω sq−1and showed high stability under a bending radius of 10 mm. Moreover, the flexible electrode exhibited a constant sheet resistance over 2000 bending cycles for both outer and inner bending test at a radius of 10 mm. The high ...
Fundamental cellular processes such as cell movement, division or food uptake critically depend on cells being able to change shape. Fast acquisition of three-dimensional image time series has now become possible, but we lack efficient tools for analysin