The CD8 + CD28 − cell population in the blood of HIV-infected individuals is considerably expanded. Yet the cause of this expansion is not clear. The recent demonstration of identical TCR-rearranged genes in CD8 + CD28 + and CD8 + CD28 − expanded T cells of HI...
FMO, fluorescence minus one control. Additional file 8: Figure S3. The T-cell differentiation stage impacts the circulating CD28/PD-1 subset distribution and changes as a function of the activation interval. A Unstimulated ex vivo PBMC from NSCLC (n = 22), melanoma (n = 10), ...
Intracellular cytokine staining assays were performed as previously described38 with 4 μM peptide, anti-CD28 and anti-CD49d MAbs (1 μg/mL each; Becton Dickinson) and brefeldin A (Sigma, St Louis, Missouri)/mL. After a 6-hour incubation cells were washed and stained with the surface anti...
In response to antigen naive CD8+, T cells differentiate into effector cells, which express Natural killer (NK) receptors, lose CD28 expression, and die by apoptosis. However, in smaller quantities, the cells are retained for subsequent exposure to the same antigen. Knowledge is limited regarding...
(g) Naïve CD8+ T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 in the presence of anti-CD28 antibodies, IL-2 and IL-12 p70 for 5 days and treated with PBS, D-serine (10 mM), 2-DG (4 mM) and Oligomycin (1 μM). Expression of IFN-γ (up) and T-bet (down) from the CD8+...
The majority of immune-oncology assays use pre-stimulated effector T cells with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies, relatively high doses of cytokines (e.g. IL-2, IFNγ) or unspecific stimulation with concanavalin A or PMA and ionomycin, which could bias the results when testing immunotherapeuti...
For stimulation assays, cells were incubated at 2 Â 106 cells per 200 ml R-15 for 6 h in the presence of CD28 (1 mg ml À 1) and CD49d (1 mg ml À 1), anti-CD107a, 1 mM GolgiStop (BD Biosciences), brefeldin A (5 mg ml À 1, Sigma Aldrich), and the ...
‘second generation’ CAR endodomains that contained either the CD28 or 4-1BB costimulatory domains in addition to CD3ζ [4,5]. These costimulatory molecules have significant biological roles, and while they exhibit functional similarities, there are also notable signalling differences between the two...
Peptides were used at 10 μg/mL and costimulatory antibodies anti-CD28 and anti-CD4+9 d (BD Bioscience, San Jose, CA) were used at 1 μg/mL. Stimulants were added to cells and incubated at 37°C with 5% CO2 for 2 hours. Cells were stained with anti-CD3, anti-CD4+, anti-CD8+...
CD4+ CD7- CD28- T cells are expanded in rheumatoid arthritis and are characterized by autoreactivity. Clonal expansion of CD4+ T cells is a characteristic finding in patients with RA and is only infrequently found in patients with psoriatic arthritis and he... D Schmidt,JJ Goronzy,CM Weyand...