In December 1960, Diem’s many opponents within South Vietnam—both communist and non-communist—formed theNational Liberation Front (NLF)to organize resistance to the regime. Though the NLF claimed to be autonomous and that most of its members were not communists, many inWashingtonassumed it was...
Migration and Its Causes Chapter Six There is no greater sorrow on earth than the loss of one’s native land - Euripides, 431 B.C. Why Move? Conditions are better, safer, easier …….. 3 Refugee (.refugees) and (.unhcr.ch) The current refugee problems in the world 22 million Refugee...
Civil wars are generally less severe than interstate wars, as measured in direct battle deaths. However, civil wars have been more frequent and lengthier, and the great majority of the recorded deaths in battle since the Cold War stem from civil wars. Furthermore, war can have a substantial ...
Arab-Israeli wars are a series of military conflicts between Israeli forces and various Arab forces, most notably in 1948–49, 1956, 1967, 1973, 1982, 2006, and 2023–present. These have included Israel’s War of Independence and the Palestinian Nakba, t
A History of War After a number of border skirmishes between 1959 and 1962, which began initially as aby-productof the uprising in Tibet, thePeople’s Liberation Army(PLA) of China forcefully attacked across the disputed boundaries on October 20, 1962. Indian forces were soundly defeated, 7,...
Six-Day War is a brief Arab-Israeli war that took place June 5–10, 1967. After months of escalation, Israel conducted a preemptive air assault demobilizing its neighbors’ air force capabilities, allowing it a quick and decisive victory. The war had las
The Chinese Civil War (1945–49) was a military struggle waged between the Nationalists (Kuomintang) under Chiang Kai-shek and the communists under Mao Zedong. The conflict led to the establishment of the People’s Republic of China.
Greek Civil War, (December 1944–January 1945 and 1946–49), two-stage conflict during which Greek communists unsuccessfully tried to gain control of Greece. The first stage of the civil war began only months before Nazi Germany’s occupation of Greece e
Yom Kippur War, damaging war between Egypt, Syria, and Israel in October 1973. After years of sporadic fighting since 1967, Egypt and Syria launched a full-scale assault, overwhelming Israel before U.S. support helped Israel turn the tide. The war led Is
Russian Revolution of 1905, uprising that was instrumental in convincing Tsar Nicholas II to attempt the transformation of the Russian government from an autocracy into a constitutional monarchy. For several years before 1905 and especially after the hum