nonequivalence of teleological & causal explanations in psychologyThe relation of teleological to causal explanations in psychology is examined. Nagel's claim that they are logically equivalent is rejected. Two arguments for their non鈥恊quivalence are considered: (i) the impossibility of specifying ...
Definition 1.p-value(y) = Pr(T(y_rep) >= T(y) | H), where H is a “hypothesis,” a generative probability model, y is the observed data, y_rep are future data under the model, and T is a “test statistic,” some pre-specified specified function of data. I find it clearest...
There are several possible explanations for this result. First, the hidden zero effect may be sensitive to pre-exposure to the task and therefore may diminish over time. Second, there might be a stronger dependence of the hidden zero effect on prefrontal cortex than previously anticipated. Third...
This post is by Joseph Jay Williams, a professor at University of Toronto in Human Computer Interaction, Psychology, Statistics, & Economics. You can read more on him at www.josephjaywilliams.com. Here is a recording of Joseph providing some context to this answer, recorded while Andrew was ...
Best, Second-Best, and Good-Enough Explanations: How They Matter to Reasoning inferencemetacognitive confidenceprobabilityreasoningThe Principle of the Benefit of Doubt dictates that, whenever reasonably possible, we interpret earlier-day ... I Douven,P Mirabile - 《Journal of Experimental Psychology Lea...
Concept and application of causal realism; Involvement of mechanoreceptors in an object; Definition of p... White,Peter,A. - 《American Journal of Psychology》 被引量: 28发表: 1999年 Causal (mis)understanding and the search for scientific explanations: a case study from the history of ...
Causes precede effects; explanations cite causes not effects. Agents use causes to manipulate their effects; they don't use effects to manipulate their causes. Effects of a common cause are correlated; causes of a common effect are not. This book explains why a relationship that is asymmetrical...
Instead, researchers search for and find ever-more unlikely explanations and ever-more unlikely evidence in a competitive quest to be surprising, clever and published. The review processes have also incentiviced lack of care, private and social failure to correct errors, and even outright misconduct...
In an interview, he offered some possible explanations. Home education provides small classes, more feedback from adults and freedom from bullying, he said. If anything, Ray told The Post, standardized tests are written to test what students are taught in public school, so home-schoolers are ...
, psychology is a soft science. Some of the concepts have to measured using interviews, surveys, observations, and inventories. One of the more common ways to measure a concept or phenomenon is to conduct a study using a survey. Answer and Explanation: ...