This paper measures and compares IMF member countries' voting power before the 2008 reform and after the 2010 reform on the basis of datasets on IMF quotas and voting rights distribution provided by IMF. Our study verifies that IMF's quotas and voting rights reforms do help to reduce the ...
In the previous research on environmental leadership, the impact of environmental leadership on the green innovation performance of enterprises had not yet been effectively explored. Therefore, drawing on a resource-based view, this study explored the mechanism through which environmental leadership influenc...
The Master of Arts program in the Department of Economics at Columbia is designed for students who wish to prepare themselves for careers in the field of economics or improve their knowledge of economic theory and its applications. The M.A. program provides a technical and rigorous approach to ...
Microsoft IR frequently observes threat actors leveraging legitimate remote access during an intrusion, in an effort to blend in on a victim network. In this case, the threat actor utilizedAnyDesk, a common remote administration tool to maintain persistence and move laterally within t...
The Empirical Study on the Relation between Corporate Governance and Audit Fees Since IMF, Daewoo and Enron crises, corporate governance issue has been main theme in international capital markets. In this reseach paper, based on corpor... 손평식,윤현동 - 대한경영학회지 ...
We use SuperDARN data to study high-latitude ionospheric convection over a three hour period (starting at 22:00 UT on 2 January 2003), during which the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) flipped between two states, one with lt;Igt;Blt;subgt;ylt;/subgt;lt;/Igt;amp;gt;amp;gt;|lt;Igt...
(1). On the other hand, ifh1(t) is not an IMF, a procedure called “shifting process” is applied as many times as needed to obtain an IMF. The shifting process is:h1(t) is considered as the new data; the local extrema are estimated, lower and upper envelopes are formed and ...
The importance of cooperative behaviour in long-term buyer-seller relationships has been emphasized in relational marketing research (e.g. IMF-studies) since the late 1980's. In this research tradition, competition has even been seen as a negative factor in relationship development. In real busines...
GIRVAN, NORMAN, RICHARD BERNAL, and WESLEY HUGHES 1980 The IMF and the third world: the case of Jamaica.Development Dialogue 2: 113–55. Google Scholar GIRVAN, NORMAN, ENNIO RODRIGUEZ, MARIO ARANA SEVILLA, and MIGUEL CEARA HATTON 1991The debt problem of small peripheral economies: case studi...
Using the data sets of 20 domestic commercial banks of Pakistan, this study is intended to measure the banking efficiency through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Malmquist Index of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) from 1990 to 2005 to access the impact of reforms on banking sector. The analysis ...