Case controlCohortEPIDEMIOLOGYStudies the epidemiology of childhood cancer using case-control and cohort methods of investigation. Differences in the two methods; Calculation of odds ratio in case-control study and relative risks in cohort study; Advantages and disadvantages of the two methods.Bell...
Nested case–control studies are a variation on case–control studies and encompass the concept of a cohort study. In a nested case–control study, a large cohort is prospectively or retrospectively followed for the occurrence of a specific disease. These cases are then matched by age and sex ...
Statisticians have contributed enormously to the conceptualization, development, and success of case-control methods for the study of disease causation and prevention. This article reviews the major developments. It starts with Cornfield''s demonstration of odds ratio invariance under cohort versus case-...
Confusing the control series of a cohort study with the 'controls' in a case-control study leads to serious problems with understanding the research, its strengths and drawbacks (e.g. confounding concerns), and interpretation of the findings. Although the case-control design has so far been ...
Case-control (case-control, case-controlled) studies are beginning to appear more frequently in the neurosurgical literature. They can be more robust, if well designed, than the typical case series or even cohort study to determine or refine treatment algorithms. The purpose of this review is to...
A case–control study was conducted between September 2018 and March 2020, nested within an ongoing prospective cohort study recruiting adult (≥ 18 years) presumptive TB patients in the Temeke District of Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania (TB DAR). To meet clinical team capacity constraints, the recrui...
Characteristics of the study cohort are presented in Table 1. There was male dominance (58%) and the mean age was 67 years. More than half of the sepsis patients had a CCI of ≥ 2 compared to 18% in the control group. The most common comorbidities among the sepsis patients were ...
Community acquired infections in older patients admitted to hospital from care homes versus the community: cohort study of microbiology and outcomes. Residents of care homes are at risk of colonisation and infection with antibiotic resistant bacteria, but there is little evidence that antibiotic resistan...
Compared to non/low drinkers, the pooled relative risks for drinkers were 0.90 (95% CI 0.80-1.01) for case-control studies, 1.01 (95% CI 0.90-1.14) for cohort studies, and 0.95 (95% CI 0.88-1.03) overall, with no heterogeneity between study design (p = 0.156). The overall estimate ...
Case-cohort design is a cost-effective sampling design approach for censored survival outcomes.It may be viewed as a special case of the more general two-phase sampling designs under certain conditions.In this talk,I will discuss the similarities and differences between these two approaches,particula...