β-carotene, violaxanthin, and neoxanthin accumulate in relatively high abundance in chloroplasts but the color is normally masked by chlorophylls. Thylakoid membranes and the light harvesting complexes are the main sites to harbor carotenoid
Carotenoid biosynthesis was coevolved with photosynthesis to provide metabolites with specific functional roles (Takaichi2011; Sandmann2021) (Fig.4). Carotenoids absorb light energy and transfer to chlorophylls in the spectrum 450-550 nm, a range that chlorophylls do not absorb (Hashimoto et al.201...
This complex can absorb the light necessary for diatoms (Huang et al. 2017a, b). Euglenophyta The members of this division are unicellular free-living motile cells in freshwater. About two-thirds of these species are heterotrophic since they lack chloroplasts, while others are autotrophic and ...
The primary biological purpose of carotenoids in plants is to absorb green light, which protects the plant from excess sunlight. Animals that eat these organisms can store carotenoids in various tissues, which may affect their color. For example, flamingos and some crustaceans have an orange color...
These carotenoids absorb light from the visible spectra, protecting the retina and the lens from potential damage caused by light exposure. Besides, these macular carotenoids protect the eye from oxidative stress and free radicals due to their antioxidant properties [68,69,70]. Beneficial properties ...
Carotenoid molecules absorb UV radiation and get excites from its electronic ground state (S0) to the excited singlet state Car* (1). Characteristically, interpretation of carotenoid photophysics can be interpreted in terms of two low-lying singlet excited states, S2 and S1 [148]. In this ...
What is the reason for the orange/red color in the reaction between o-vanillin and p-toluidine? What is the purpose of the dye in a dye-sensitized solar cell? (a) It is an electrolyte. (b) To distinguish between layers. (c) To ...
Carotenoid biosynthesis was coevolved with photosynthesis to provide metabolites with specific functional roles (Takaichi2011; Sandmann2021) (Fig.4). Carotenoids absorb light energy and transfer to chlorophylls in the spectrum 450-550...
The basis of spectral approaches is the way electromagnetic radiation interacts with carotenoid molecules, which can absorb energy at various wavelengths. The majority of studies involving carotenoid extraction and purification were conducted on a laboratory scale [135]. A reliable, simple, and moderate...
The basis of spectral approaches is the way electromagnetic radiation interacts with carotenoid molecules, which can absorb energy at various wavelengths. The majority of studies involving carotenoid extraction and purification were conducted on a laboratory scale [135]. A reliable, simple, and moderate...