44、 electrocardiogram can arise When the wave of depolarization moves toward the positive lead, there is a positive deflection in the extracellular voltage difference. Forming a lead with an axis of 0 degree When a lead is perpendicular to the wave of depolarization, the measured deflection on ...
Restrictive physiology recurs in hearts from patients with myofibrillar myopathies (MFM) and in systemic diseases such as amyloidosis, in which, however, the skeletal muscle involvement is uncommon. Myofibrillar myopathies with RCM This group of myopathies may manifest with a restrictive pattern and...
In vitro, cardiac cells can be studied as single cell models or used for multi-cellular constructs. Both platforms are valuable and necessary to build a balanced and all-encompassing perspective on physiology and disease. Investigating cells on an individual level allows understanding of cellular beha...
M. Vornanen, in Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology, 2011 Abstract Contraction of the cardiac muscle of the heart is initiated and controlled by an electrical stimulus called the cardiac action potential. It is a small (∼0.1 V) and transient (0.15–3.0 s) change of voltage across the cell ...
1Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. 2School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand. 3Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai ...
A higher HOMA index indicates a greater degree of insulin resistance [13]. Total plasma testosterone and estradiol levels were determined by ELISA and a competitive enzyme immunoassay kit (Cayman Chemical Company, MI, USA), respectively. Plasma and cardiac malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined...
Even so, the degree to which final expression states were similar between cells within a clone varied from barcode to barcode. Sometimes cells belonging to a barcode clone predominantly localized to a single specific cluster (ex. barcode B20 in cluster 4), while other times, a barcoded clone ...
Calcium ions play two critical roles in the physiology of cardiac muscle. Their influx through slow calcium channels accounts for the prolonged plateau phase and absolute refractory period that enable cardiac muscle to function properly. Calcium ions also combine with the regulatory protein troponin in...
Its serum levels are mostly correlated with the levels of hepcidin expression from the liver, but local hepcidin can be important for the physiology of other organs as well. There is an increasing evidence that this is the case with cardiac hepcidin. This has been confirmed by studies with ...
The incidence and expression of cardiovascular diseases differs between the sexes. This is not surprising, as cardiac physiology differs between men and wo