Table 1 The carbon emission calculation formula of energy and industrial process Full size table Where Qi stands for the gross quantities of the specific kind of energy, Pi stands for the gross product of specific kind of industrial product. The inventory statistic method can estimate a country'...
Calculation formula of industrial fuel-related CO2emissions: $${C}_{i}= \sum \limits_{k=1}^{n}{P}_{ik}{\times V}_{k}{\times \upeta}_{k}, {T}_{i}=\frac{{C}_{i}}{{X}_{i}}$$ (2) \({T}_{i}\)is the CO2emission intensity of industry\(i\)(t/USD ~ United...
In Eq. (3), ∆CCE, ∆CEI, ∆CAL, ∆CP demonstrate carbon intensity effect, energy intensity effect, affluence level effect and population scale effect. The calculation process is shown in Eqs. (4), (5), (6), (7), (8).(4)∆CCE=∑LCtC0×lnCEtCE0(5)∆CEI=∑LCtC0×lnE...
Formula (1) was applied to calculate the agricultural carbon emissions in Xinjiang from 1991 to 2014 and to calculate parameters such as the amount of agricultural carbon emissions per 10000 CNY agricultural output value (agricultural carbon emission intensity). Change in the total amount of agricultu...
The annual rainfall distribution in this area is uneven, the intensity of heavy rain is high, the average annual rainfall is 428.2 mm, and the soil erosion is severe. A large area of extremely degraded damaged land has been produced due to the impact of mining activities. The Pingshuo ...
The results revealed that using the activity intensity determined by the recommended metabolic rates in the ASHRAE Handbook, our estimations were closer to the experimental values compared to ASTM D6245-18, which required higher metabolic rates for compensation. The method in this paper requires only...
Currently, more attentions are paid to the accurate evaluation of intensity of carbon source/sink in global and regional scale (Yu, 2014), the cause of this dilemma lies mainly in the uncertainty of ecosystem carbon sequestration, model calculation and less consideration of relevant geological ...
WhereWACItrefers to the metric Weighted Average Carbon Intensity of portfolios in yeart, expressed in tonnes CO2(M$ sales)−1. By normalizing financed emissions, it can compare portfolios of different sizes, in addition to simple calculation and easy understanding. ...
Carbon emissions intensity calculation Three forms of carbon emissions intensity (CEI) were calculated and analysed in this study. CEI per unit land area provides a measure of the carbon emissions allocated to a unit of terrestrial land. CEI per unit GDP provides a measure of the carbon emissions...
This literature suggests that in the United States, transportation by trucks has the worst carbon intensity (the greatest emissions) followed by water transport and air [75]. In the United Kingdom, air is the most energy and carbon intensive form of food delivery, accounting for less than 1%...