This iterative process emphasizes a synergistic cycle where observational and experimental data inform and refine models, while models guide and prioritize future data collection efforts. By applying the ModEx concept to integrate high-resolution remote sensing data with expanded ground-based observations ...
We recommend that future research addresses the following four topics: (1) How can the CEs of the whole life cycle of regional activities be measured? (2) How can regional CA be calculated based on different climate and socioeconomic development scenarios? (3) How can CER vulnerability be mit...
Given the escalating issue of global climate change, it is imperative to comprehend and quantify the effects of land use change on carbon storage (CS), which pertains not only to the preservation of ecosystem functions but also directly influences the eq
The unique geochemical conditions in mangrove soils cause Fe to cycle constantly between different prevailing Fe solid phases, i.e., Fe oxides and pyrite22 As a result, iron-mediated organominieral interactions (FeOMIs) in these soils form through a different dynamic compared to other waterlogged...
21. Air cycle refrigeration 22. Online food safety and quality indicators 23. Hydrodynamic cavitation 24. 3D (three dimensional) printing of food 25. Advanced starter cultures 26. Advanced surfactants 27. Superheated steam drying 28. Biosensors 29. Hurdle technology 5. Pulsed UV in food 6. Pulse...
and influences the climate and water cycle; Environmental purification services represent the ability of ecosystems to purify water and air, etc., affecting water and air quality; soil conservation represents the ability to maintain soil fertility (nutrient cycling and accumulation), control soil erosion...
Given the escalating issue of global climate change, it is imperative to comprehend and quantify the effects of land use change on carbon storage (CS), which pertains not only to the preservation of ecosystem functions but also directly influences the eq
The AISM method is the opposite, i.e., it starts from the lower level (Ni and Huang, 2020). The calculation steps are shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 2: Schematic diagram of the AISM construction process. From original matrix to pareto-optimal set. Full size image D is a decision evaluation ...
16 proposed a two-step ecological efficiency method combining life cycle assessment and life cycle cost, which provided a new idea for efficiency measurement. Paulo et al.17 adopted CE7 to measure the ecological efficiency of oil and gas supply chain enterprises in Brazil, ...
Annual CO2 emissions under the 25-year retrofitting cycle are shown with darker shade and annual CO2 emissions under the corresponding average retrofitting cycle are shown with lighter shade. Extended Data Fig. 5 Cumulative CO2 emissions of the iron and steel industry under SSP1, SSP2 and SSP5 ...