Tall buildings further contribute disproportionately to the form drag of the urban surface, reaching up to 3.9 times the form drag induced by buildings of height equal to the average building height, in dense layouts. The flow inflection points-that is, the largest wind-speed gradient that ...
Modeling study of the aspect ratio influence on urban canopy energy fluxes with a modified wall-canyon energy budget scheme The influence of the aspect ratio (building height/street canyon width) and the mean building height of cities on local energy fluxes and temperatures is s... ER Marciotto...
One must be aware that for some urban modeling application, basing LULC as Urban does not provide specificity on the proportion of vegetation vs buildings and other impervious surfaces in model cells. Applications such heat island sensitivity assessments which have dependency to the latent heat compone...
Modeling tree condition as a basis for regulating services such as shading, requires data on the geolocation of individual trees in relation to buildings (Nowak, 2020a). Modeling individual tree canopy sizes instead of general tree canopy enables a more precise estimation of regulating services. ...
Modeling below-ground biomass to improve sustainable management of Actaea racemosa, a globally important medicinal forest product Measurements of plant height and canopy dimensions were matched with corresponding green weights of rhizomes and roots. A multi-staged process was used to ... JL Chamberlain...
18 feet, encompassing all but the highest storm surge in the data set. Adapting established numerical methods for modeling fluid-structure interactions to study hypar structures, they showed that the umbrellas would remain stable when faced with a wall of water about 75% of their deployed height....
The numerical modeling of the impacts of urban buildings in mesoscale meteorological models has gradually improved in recent years. Correctly representing the latent heat flux from urban surfaces is a key issue in urban land-atmosphere coupling studies but is a common weakness in current urban canopy...
Numerical simulation is vital for evaluating urban ventilation. However, accurate urban-scale ventilation modeling requires extensive building surface simulation for computational demand. The distributed drag force approach simplifies the urban canopy by modeling buildings as a porous volume t...
Adding tall trees into a suburban canopy, where the building heights may be lower than the trees and the spacing between buildings much larger, can have the opposite effect (Finnigan et al., 1994). Show moreView chapterExplore book WRF/UCM simulation for city-scale UHI modeling Ansar Khan, ...
For many applications (air quality, urban climate, etc.), both scales are important and should be considered in the modeling process. However, a domain containing the whole city and its surroundings can not have a resolution high enough to resolve urban obstacles explicitly. It is necessary ...