Cancers that metastasize to lymph nodes while very small have properties in common with these interval surfacing and, presumably, faster growing cancers. Cancer 53:96-98, 1984.doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19840101)53:13.0.CO;2-AJohn Wiley & Sons, LtdCancer...
Fourth, the mammary gland is one of the most dynamic organs in the animal kingdom that repeatedly undergoes rounds of expansion and involution. This feature is thought to promote the high oncogenic potential of the breast by increasing the risk of incurring genetic alterations. Moreover, mammary ...
At stages I, II, and III, including early to locally advanced disease, the cancer may be defined by the size of the primary tumor and the area that the cancer cells have spread, such as the chest wall, skin, or the regional lymph nodes surrounding the breast. At the advanced or ...
Cancer is a diverse collection of diseases distinguished by unregulated cell growth and the ability to infiltrate or metastasize to other areas of the body [1,2]. The wide range of cancer types arises from differences in the cells from which they originate and the molecular abnormalities that pr...
73They tend to grow rapidly and metastasize. The common postulate adopted by the National Cancer Institute is that the more abnormal the cells look under a microscope, the more aggressive the cancer and the faster it is likely to grow and spread. The differentiation stage of tumors is a key...
At the time of diagnosis, most men have localized prostate cancer, meaning their cancer is confined to the prostate gland and can be treated with curative surgery or radiotherapy. Upon relapse when the disease will metastasize or spread, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the cornerstone of tr...
Nerves are important pathological elements of the microenvironment of tumors, including those in pancreatic, colon and rectal, prostate, head and neck, and breast cancers. Recent studies have associated perineural invasion with tumor progression and poor
Although regional lymph node involvement (stage III) is a part of the metastasis process, only stage IV, in which tumor cells metastasize to distant organs, is considered metastatic melanoma according to the staging, the lymphatic system is the main pathway by which melanoma cells move, despite ...
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often metastasize to lymph nodes resulting in poor prognosis for patients. Unfortunately, the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to tumour aggressiveness, recurrences, and metastasis are still not fully understood. However, such knowledge is key to ...
In an aspect, the invention provides a method for determining whether a cancer has metastasized or is likely to metastasize in the future, the method including comparing: (a) levels of OPL or head-and-neck cancer markers or head-and-neck cancer markers in a patient sample; and (b) norma...