[150] provided the first detailed description of the dynamic composition of “first-shell” lipids in the belt region surrounding a receptor protein. AChR-vicinal lipids fall into three categories: (a) a high specificity group, constituted by fatty acids like stearic acid, cardiolipin and ...
Hydrolytic enzymes, TAG lipases and SE hydrolases, initiate the breakdown of storage lipids and make sterols, diacylglycerols, and free fatty acids available for anabolic processes and energy production. In this paper we describe routes of non-polar lipid metabolism, focus on molecular properties of...
They are composed of complex combinations of apoproteins and lipids. The triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, secret ed by the intestine as chylomicrons or by the liver as VLDL, contain a core which is rich in triacylglycerols. Small but varying amounts of cholesterol esters also are contained in ...
Lastly, lipids are also involved in variousmetabolic functions. Depending on the nature of thefatty acidsof which lipids are comprised, they play a part in regulating inflammation, platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction. In addition, they can also modulate the expression of certain genes involved i...
transported to the liver for excretion through the intestine. Cholesterol Acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1/SOAT) esterifies intracellular free cholesterol to be stored in lipid droplets. When stored cholesterol is needed, Neutral Lipid Ester Hydrolase (NEH) releases stored lipids and cholesterol for cellular ...
S7B), the metabolites mainly belonged to “lipids and lipid-like molecules”, “organic acids and derivatives” and “phenylpropanoids and polyketides” (TOP3). These metabolites were mainly enriched in “choline metabolism in cancer”, “autophagy-animal”, “protein digestion and absorption”, “...
Tears contain water (98.2%), salts, lipids (e.g. wax esters, sterol esters, hydrocarbons, polar lipids, triglycerides and free fatty acids), proteins (e.g. lysozyme, lactoferrin, lipocalin, albumin, IgA, IgE, IgG, complement proteins C3, C4, C5 and C9 and beta-lysin), magnesium, ...
In contrast, there was an increase in lipophilic compounds including saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid), polyunsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid), and branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs). Among them, tryptophan, a biomarker constituent, ...
Cell viability of C2C12 myocytes after 48 h of treatment with 50 μM simvastatin, 50 μM linolenic acid (C18:3), or a combination. Cells were pretreated with 20 μM CoQ4 or CoQ9 for 24 h prior to addition of statin and polyunsaturated fatty acids to ensure adequate uptake. Cell viabili...
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of serum From MRS of serum samples, 28 metabolites were semi-quantified (Supplementary Table 1). Twelve of the metabolites, including amino acids, lipids and metabolites involved in energy metabolism, had significantly different levels between patients and controls by testi...