We propose that the molecular crowding leading to supramolecular associations acts as a specificity determinant and could be naturally exploited to bind diverse antigens. This previously uncharacterized property will considerably enhance the recognition repertoire of antibodies and therefore allows the humoral...
Whether re銆唜posure to mismatched HLA antigens (RMM) in the setting of a negative crossmatch is associated with increased immunological risk remains an area of uncertainty. This is due to evidence derived predominantly from registry data, which lacks comprehensive information on alloantibody and ...
The present invention provides a method of treatment using human sequence antibodies against human CTLA-4. In particular, methods of treating cancer are provided.
Another example is the graphene-based nanobiosensor reported by Seo et al. [118]. The authors developed the sensor to detect SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples (Fig.4). The sensor was produced using graphene nanosheets embedded with a specific antibody against the S protein of SARS-Co-V-2. S...
The use of antibodies in living cells started in the 1980s when they were found to be sufficiently stable after microinjection into the cytoplasm, and they were shown to be able to interfere with the function of their intracellular antigen. For instance, intermediate filaments were found to coll...
Antigen binding peptides derived from long random peptide phage libraries mimic antibodies and can generate mimetopes: Vernon L. Alvarez, J. Mark Carater, Steven J. McConnell, CYTOGEN Corp., 307 College Rd. East, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA...
Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) is commonly diagnosed through a blood test. The preferred tests not only detect antibodies but also proteins on the surface of the virus calledantigens. If an initialHIV testis positive, a second test will be performed on the same blood sample to confirm the ...
The clinical value of this assay has been demonstrated in several stud- ies [34, 147] and the monoclonal antibodies are also used to explore the potential interest of detecting tau circulat- ing in plasma [94, 119]. Equal amounts of 3- and 4-repeat tau are found in cerebral cortex, ...
thereby going beyond the mechanisms possible with monospecific protein drugs2. Engineered human antibodies typically carry one specificity per heterodimeric Fv region comprising one VH and one VL variable domain, and bispecific antibody formats typically combine two different Fv regions as building blocks ...
One alternative to combination therapy, which may help to increase the antiretroviral armamentarium and to address the devastating impact of HIV infection, is the use of hybrid (conjugated, multifunctional) molecules that combine pharmacophores in their structure that can simultaneously interfere with mult...