For building a house, it is important to estimate the total cost. This estimation can be very complicated if you try it manually. You can use an Excel sheet for efficient estimation. This article will show you how you can perform building estimation and costing in Excel sheet. Steps for Pe...
Integrated BIM-Based LCA for the Entire Building Process Using an Existing Structure for Cost Estimation in the Swiss Context. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3748. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] Hollberg, A.; Genova, G.; Habert, G. Evaluation of BIM-based LCA results for building design. Autom. ...
Given the continuous curves providing the probability of exceedance of Sa(T1)Sa(T1) in 2 and 50 years, a number k of discrete levels of seismic intensity Sa(T1)Sa(T1)k are selected, allowing for an accurate estimation of structural performance based on the seismic threat at the site. Spec...
[28] used POI data for the kernel density estimation and obtained more accurate results of building function classification. With the advancement of the “big data” era, the POI database representing urban spatial elements is becoming more and more complete and has become to be widely used in...
Fires pose an enormous threat to human safety and many spectacular fires in under-construction buildings were reported over the past few years. Many construction sites only rely on fire extinguishers, as under-construction buildings do not contain a perm