2000. "The Limits of Discipline--Ownership and Hard Budget Constraints in the Transition Economies," Econ. Transition 8:3, pp. 577-601.Roman Frydman,Marek Hessel,and Andrzej Rapaczynski.The limits of discipline:Ownership and hard budget constraints in the transition economics.Economics of ...
Budget constraints: Lack of public support: The success of many of the initiatives proposed in the budget will depend on the public’s willingness to participate and cooperate. If the public does not support the government’s initiatives or does not take the actions necessary to achieve the desi...
While credit rationing and salary constraints offset a preference for credit finance, lax enforcement of an enterprise budget constraint strengthens it.doi:10.1016/0147-5967(89)90004-8Janet MitchellElsevier BVJournal of Comparative Economics
同意/批准/平衡/拟定/递交/制订预算 ⨁ below / in line with / on / over / under / within budget低於/符合/按照/超出预算;预算下/内 ⨁ budget constraints / cuts预算限制/削减 (Economics 经济学) (BrE spelling also Budget) [countable] the official statement made by a government of the ...
In economics, the rate of transformation model can be used to visualize the concept of budget constraints. Learn more about budget constraints, budgets lines, the rate of transformation curve, and how to maximize the utility of the concepts. Related...
Moffitt, R. (1986). The Econometrics of Piecewise-Linear Budget Constraints. Journal of Economics and Business Statistics 4: 317-328.MOFFITT, R.(1986). The Econometrics of Piecewise-Linear Budget Constraint. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics. July 1986, v.4, No.3, p.317-328...
In economics, the rate of transformation model can be used to visualize the concept of budget constraints. Learn more about budget constraints, budgets lines, the rate of transformation curve, and how to maximize the utility of the concepts. Related...
Finncial Constraints and the Tradeoff between Salaries and Savings in LaborManaged Firms J. Comp. Economics (1988) Nicos Zafiris Appropriability Rules, Capital Maintenance, and the Efficiency of Cooperative Investment J. Comp. Econom. (1982) P Bonin John Labor Management and Capital Maintenance: Inve...
Thus, data allow us to compare firm behavior under soft and hard budget constraints. 因此,让我们来比较数据公司的行为在软、硬预算限制。 wenwen.soso.com 2. The limits of discipline: Ownership and hard budget constraints in the transition economics 约束的界限——转轨经济学中的所有权和硬预算约束 ...
budgetary control (redirected fromBudget Control) Also found in:Financial,Encyclopedia. budgetary control n (Economics) a system of managing a business by applying a financial value to each forecast activity. Actual performance is subsequently compared with the estimates ...