Further, in the latter case, the reader wishing merely to learn the meaning of a technical term had to search through a long article before he could find the information he wanted. The “new plan” of the Encyclopædia Britannica consisted of including “treatises” on the arts (i.e.,...
Subjects Of Study: science See all related content George Henry Lewes (born April 18, 1817, London, Eng.—died Nov. 28, 1878, London) was an English biographer, literary critic, dramatist, novelist, philosopher, actor, scientist, and editor, remembered chiefly for his decades-long liaison ...
Despite the uncertainties surroundingMelzi’s presentation of Leonardo’s ideas, the passages in Leonardo’s extant notebooks identified with the heading “On Painting” offer an indication of the treatise Leonardo had in mind. As was customary intreatisesof the time, Leonardo planned to combine theo...
Many importanttreatisesfrom the early period of Islamic mathematics have not survived or have survived only in Latin translations, so that there are still many unanswered questions about the relationship between early Islamic mathematics and the mathematics of Greece and India. In addition, the amount...
Between the 5th and 8th centuries the principles of education of the laity likewise evolved. Thetreatiseson education, later called the “mirrors,” pointed to the importance of themoralvirtuesofprudence, courage,justice, and temperance. TheInstitutionum disciplinaeof an anonymousVisigothpedagogue express...
to which Aristotle added two shorttreatises,On the Parts of AnimalsandOn the Generation of Animals. Although Aristotle did not claim to have founded thescienceof zoology, his detailed observations of a wide variety of organisms were quite without precedent. He—or one of his research assistants—...
Democritus, ancient Greek philosopher, a central figure in the development of philosophical atomism and of the atomic theory of the universe. His works reportedly numbered 73, though only a few hundred fragments have survived, mostly from his treatises o
such as tutoring. Almost all the treatises that he wrote in this period were later collected into hisZeguxizhai suanxue(1867; “Mathematics from the Zeguxi Studio”). These treatises are characterized by extensive use ofinfinite seriesexpansions for trigonometric andlogarithmicfunctions (seetheClick ...
“The Island”) of the Arabs. South of this liesBabylonia, named after the city ofBabylon. However, in the broader sense, the name Mesopotamia has come to be used for the area bounded on the northeast by theZagros Mountainsand on the southwest by the edge of the ArabianPlateauand ...
As was customary in treatises of the time, Leonardo planned to combine theoretical exposition with practical information, in this case offering practical career advice to other artists. But his primary concern in the treatise was to argue that painting is a science, raising its status as a ...