Midbrain:The midbrain, also known as the mesencephalon is made up of the tegmentum and tectum. These parts of the brain help regulate body movement, vision and hearing. The anterior portion of the midbrain contains the cerebral peduncle which contains the axons that transfer messages from the ...
The brain-like tissues the researchers used, also known as brain organoids (类器官), weren’t part of a living person’s brain. They were “grown” from human stem cells, which are capable of producing different types of cells and forming body tissues. It took two months for the stem ...
Leuthardt is by no means the only one with exotic ambitions for what are known as brain-computer interfaces. Last March Elon Musk, a founder of Tesla and SpaceX, launched Neuralink, a venture aiming to create devices that facilitate mind-machine melds. Facebook’s Mark Zuckerber...
The absence of synchronous electrical activity in the brain, also known as a flat line or isoelectric reading. Acidosis The condition in which cellular or tissue pH decreases below the normal homeostatic range owing to the accumulation of protons. Anoxic depolarization An acute neuronal event involvin...
The resulting minibrains contained many types of cells, including neural stem cells known as outer radial glia. The fetal tissues also produced their own extracellular matrix proteins, which acted as scaffolding and supported their 3D organization. This may enable scientists to further study how th...
In a 2013 Nature paper, Einstein researchers made the surprising finding that the hypothalamus also regulates aging throughout the body. Now, the scientists have pinpointed the cells in the hypothalamus that control aging: a tiny population of adult neural stem cells, which were known to be ...
In this protocol, we describe how to generate and assemble subdomain-specific forebrain spheroids, also known as brain region–specific organoids, from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). We describe how to pattern the neural spheroids toward either a dorsal forebrain or a ventral forebrain fate...
c, RNA in situ hybridization for markers of IPCs (EOMES, also known as TBR2), Cajal–Retzius (RELN) and post-mitotic PNs (TBR1) in three-month PGP1 (b3), 11a, GM08330 and HUES66 organoids. d, Immunohistochemistry for markers of forebrain progenitors (FOXG1), outer radial glia (...
Targeting of autonomous rhythmic activity by selective physical ablation of periodic tumour cells or by genetic or pharmacological interference with the potassium channel KCa3.1 (also known as IK1, SK4 or KCNN4) strongly compromised global network communication. This led to a marked reduction of ...
"At the University of Chicago, Raymond Roos, a neurology professor and director of the ALS Clinic, is also studying how to clear misfolded proteins from the body. He and his colleagues have been investigating another "housekeeping" pathway known as the unfolded-protein response, or UPR, a chai...