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With the rapid development of neuroscience and computer science, BCI technology provides new ways for people to explore direct interaction with computers or other intelligent devices [1]. In the medical field, embedded brain–computer interface technology is of great significance. For patients who ...
Recent engineering and neuroscience applications have led to the development of brain–computer interface (BCI) systems that improve the quality of life of people with motor disabilities. In the same area, a significant number of studies have been conducted in identifying or classifying upper-limb mo...
Brain–Computer Interface (BCI); Cognitive Vigilance Task (CVT); Multi-Modal Integrated Task (MMIT); stress; distress 1. Introduction 1.1. Quantifying Stress with a BCI System Stress is a common feature in high-pressure environments with high cognitive loading, such as air traffic control centers...
These properties of virtual reality make it a promising complement to brain–computer interface technology, which aims to provide assistive and restorative functions through direct communication between the brain and external devices. The interaction between the human mind and virtual realities has been ...
Keywords: brain–computer interface;wireless transmission;Bluetooth;Wi-Fi
Motor imagery is a type of virtual interface that can analyze neuronal activity to control external devices without using the hands or feet [11,12]. Current BCI systems can be utilized to control artificial bodies, such as electrical hand prostheses or artificial legs [13]. Therefore, it is ...
Therefore, a well-defined BCI system may be represented by nine components, namely, the user, electrodes, amplifier, feature extractor, feature translator, control interface, device controller, devices, and operating environment. Not all of these components are always required and may be redundant ...
brain–computer interface; motor imagery; decoding; Riemannian manifold; feature construction 1. Introduction A brain–computer interface (BCI) system can achieve direct communication or device control between the brain and external devices via a virtual channel to aid the recovery of patients with ...
The field of brain–computer interface (BCI) enables us to establish a pathway between the human brain and computers, with applications in the medical and nonmedical field. Brain computer interfaces can have a significant impact on the way humans interact with machines. In recent years, the surg...