Learn the definition of bottom-up estimating and discover its use in project cost estimation. See examples of the bottom-up approach and weigh its...
What are the differences between bottom-up and top-down estimating approaches? While top-down management begins with top-level executives and ends with the general population of employees in a company, the bottom-up approach to management begins at the employee level and makes its way to company...
A bottom-up simulation model for residential house is developed and described in this paper. The model simulates the usage of domestic appliances probabilistically over time in terms of consumed energy, based on the activities of the people in the house; for example, a microwave oven is likely...
The loss that is unknown is no loss at all: a top-down/bottom-up approach for estimating distribution losses The accurate evaluation of losses in power systems has important technical, economic, and regulatory repercussions. For example, losses are increasingly be... CA Dortolina,Ramon Nadira -...
up approaches, as there cannot be general surveys. Estimations on the other hand can be either top-down or bottom-up approaches; they depend on the study scale: estimating the waste heat of a company based on the efficiency of each process is a bottom-up approach. Considering the process,...
For example, losses are increasingly becoming one of the most important measures of system performance, especially in connection with private sector participation (PSP) in the distribution segment of the industry. This paper proposes a top-down/bottom-up approach for accurately estimating technical ...
Estimating future demand a top down/bottom up approach for forecasting annual growthsThe accurate estimation of future demand growth in power systems has important technical, economic, and regulatory repercussions. For example, future demand is a key input for regulators before approving future capital...
The lander is generally built based on the concept of a pop-up buy where a weight platform is set on the seabed using a trawl cable and acoustic releases (Martens et al., 2016). For example, a benthic environment observation system (Benvir), was integrated with a series of chemical and...
Successfully managed projects require realistic, well-organized budgets. Learn about estimating, and explore top-down and bottom-up estimating techniques used in project management to develop budgets. Estimating in Project Management A project usually begins with an idea. For example, the management ...
Let's solidify our understanding of the bottom-up model with a more complex example. Let's say the soil contains nutrients, N, that helps the grass, G, grow. This, in turn, controls the number of deer, D and this, in turn, controls the number of predators, wolves, W. In the ...