The project manager will first estimate the cost of each individual task that needs to be completed, such as designing, coding, or testing the website. The cost of each task is then aggregated up to the next level, which in this case would be the development phase. The cost of each ...
In fact, the estimated cost of the project was part of the business justification that management considered when it approved the project. If we're just getting the bottom-up estimate of the project from combined expertise of the subject matter experts now, what did they use in the project ...
The methodology developed in this research estimates both the resources required to support the repair personnel, and restore different infrastructure elements. This method uses a dynamic mathematical model that establishes a framework to estimate post-disaster restoration costs from a whole system ...
This paper uses a bottom-up approach based on forecasted earnings and time-varying interest rates to measure the intrinsic value of stocks.In this study,the Edwards-Bell-Ohlson (EBO) valuation method which is a discounted residual income model is used to derive a more precise estimate V/P of...
Top-down and bottom-up expert estimation of software development effort Expert estimation of software development effort may follow top-down or bottom-up strategies, i.e. the total effort estimate may be based on properties of ... Magne Jorgensen - 《Information & Software Technology》 被引量:...
The analogous budget tool uses the actual costs from a previous project to estimate the budget for a current project. This method can be used for multiple projects, as long as they are similar in nature. Companies with repeated projects that have the same goals and objectives can usually use...
This is the first study in Nepal which has used the bottom-up method of climate change analysis at the national scale focusing on hydropower. Results indicate regional differences in hydrological responses; the Eastern Basin hydropower projects are expected to face larger variabilities in energy ...
The bottom-up terrestrial biosphere models, Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS), and VEgetation-Global-Atmosphere-Soil version (VEGAS), along with top-down optimization results from multiple atmospheric inversions in the OCO-2 v10 MIP were use
“as built” revision of the project documentation before the beginning of the tests for Provisional Acceptance. The “as built” documentation shall be issued on the basis of the marked-up copies, to be prepared by the Supplier’s personnel for the supervision,and shall be fully in 供应商做...
Bottom-up products, such as SM2RAIN-ASCAT and GPM + SM2RAIN, stand out due to their high spatiotemporal resolution, accurately capturing local patterns and leveraging soil moisture to estimate precipitation in data-scarce areas [14,15]. Furthermore, they provide global and open access data, ...