Excess weight is associated with poor health and increased healthcare costs. There are no reliable data describing the association between BMI and the use and costs of primary care services in the United Kingdom. Among 69,440 participants in the Million
Ponderal index was calculated as birth weight (g) divided by length (cm)3 ˆ 100. Neonatal body composition was assessed within 48 h after birth, using an air-displacement plethysmograph device (PEA POD, COSMED, Concord, CA, USA) [28]. Infant hair was smoothed down with water to ...