Our empirical understanding of galaxy formation and evolution rests on a combination of observations of the stellar populations in the nearest galaxies, direct observations of galaxies at cosmological lookback times, and integrated measurements of galaxies at the present epoch. This review describes ...
The Birth of Stars and Planets 2024 pdf epub mobi 电子书 图书描述 Star formation is the fundamental cosmic process which makes galaxies visible, and regulates the evolution of normal matter in the Universe. New instruments and technologies are now enabling the exploration of fundamental cosmic ...
including planet formation and the formation of galaxies, and opens up a new perspective on the chronology of star formation. For example, the length of the so-called “embedded phase”, during which baby stars remain within the parental gas cloud, can be estimated,” explains ...
Stars are formed in nebulae, interstellar clouds of dust and gas (mostly hydrogen). These stellar nurseries are abundant in the arms of spiral galaxies. An accretion disk In these stellar nurseries, dense parts of these clouds undergo gravitational collapse and compress to form a rotating gas...
In the vast distances between galaxies, space is not completely empty — gas and dust is blown into the void and this matter eventually becomes the seed for new stars and galaxies. But where does this matter come from? A new study reveals how galactic winds carry this material away from si...
Astronomers found that active star formation upswells galaxies, like yeast helps bread rise. Using three powerful telescopes on the ground and in orbit, they observed galaxies from 11 billion years ago and found explosive formation of stars in the cores
While Spitzer and other telescopes have created mosaics of the galaxy’s plane looking in the direction of its center before, the region behind us, with its sparse stars and dark skies, is less charted. This infrared image shows a striking example of what is called a hierarchical bubble struc...
Star formation in galaxies is a tug-of-war between opposing forces. Clouds of gas collapse, feeding fledgling stars. These can, in turn, prevent new stars from forming by blowing away the nurturing gas with their stellar winds. Star clusters are thus expected to lie at the centre of gas ...
NGC 253, reveals violent star formation within a region 1,000 light-years across.Hubble's sharp vision allows astronomers to see complex structures in the starburst core for the first time, including luminous star clusters, filaments of glowing gas, and dust lanes that trace regions of dense ga...
Such seed BHscould have formed from the death of thefirst generation of (population Ⅲ) stars,from direct collapse of pristine gas, or frommergers in dense stellar clusters. Detectingthese early seeds is extremely challengingwith current instrumentation; however,those that did not become supermassive...