12 Many biotic factors affect individuals in a population. An example of an organism being directly affected by a biotic factor is (1)(1) a squirrel cannot find a mate(2) a flood washes away a maple tree(3) a plant is in a dark room(4) a chipmunk finds a rock pile to use for ...
Damage caused by these biotic factors are varied such as death of the entire plant or organs, reduced root, stem, leaf or inflorescence mass, total defoliation, bores and holes on plant parts, and other marks of feeding. It has been observed that continuous grazing by ruminant animals results...
Usually, the complex of external physical, chemical, and biotic factors that may affect a population, an organism, or the expression of an organism's genes; more generally, anything external to the object of interest (e.g., a gene, an organism, a population) that may influence its ...
This work advances our understanding of the processes that modulate species distributions in a marginal marine area and broadens the knowledge of how biological and environmental factors interplay and have an influence on hard-bottom community structure in brackish water seas....
2004. Estimation of biotic and abiotic factors that affect the migration of Rhizobia. In: Werner D. ed. Biological resources and mi- gration. New York, NY: Springer, 166 -172.Wang E & Chen WX (2004) Estimation of biotic and abiotic factors that affect migration of rhizobia. Biological ...
Factors that affect biogeochemical cycling are important in ecosystems susceptible to anthropogenic input such as caves. The extent to which anthropogenic input can modulate the pathways and Mn cycling in caves is largely unknown. Microbial communities associated with Mn(III/IV) oxide deposits were asse...
Every species has to deal with limiting factors. These are aspects of the species' environment that affect how quickly it reproduces or how large the population can grow. For example, predators are a limiting factor for prey animals because predators reduce or limit the prey animal population....
Several factors that influence competition for dispersal agents have been identified in South Africa. For example, Knight (1986) reported that bird-dispersed alien fleshy-fruited plants in the CFR have fruit displays that are more conspicuous and more attractive to native birds than those of co-oc...
interactions on performance is in accordance with other studies showing that the frequency of interactions with a beneficial effect can increase with the amount of detrimental environmental factors and that positive rather than negative effects of interactions dominate in certain natural communities46,47. ...
We analyzed the importance of biodiversity and environmental factors in driving the EMF in monoculture and mixed plantations. The results showed that EMF was most strongly affected by tree diversity, followed by environmental factors, soil microbial alpha diversity, and shrub and herb species diversity...