What is the translation process? Understand the process of translation. Learn what happens during the initiation, elongation, and termination phase...
The process of translation creates a polypeptide chain that still needs to be modified before it can work properly as a new protein. The primary structure of aprotein, its amino acid sequence, represents only a small part of its eventual function. The protein is modified after translation by f...
Steps of TranslationLearning OutcomesOutline the basic steps of translation As with mRNA synthesis, protein synthesis can be divided into three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination. The process of translation is similar in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Here we’ll explore how translation occurs...
Transcription, the synthesis of RNA from DNA. Genetic information flows from DNA into protein, the substance that gives an organism its form. This flow of information occurs through the sequential processes of transcription (DNA to RNA) and translation (
Chapter 4 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 碳与生命的分子多样性(Page 56) CONCEPT 4.1 Organic chemistry is key to the origin of life 有机化学是生命起源的关键 (Page 57) CONCEPT 4.2 Carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms 碳原子通过与四个其他原子结合可...
Protein synthesis encompasses three primary steps: transcription (Figure 3), splicing (Figure 4), and translation. During transcription, a DNA segment corresponding to a gene serves as a template that is replicated into a molecule known as messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA molecule undergoes splicing...
It associates with promoters of hundreds of genes involved in every essential process including transcription, translation, DNA replication, repair, recombination, transport and metabolism of nucleotides, amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates and cofactors, cell wall synthesis, cell division and others (...
Recent discoveries in stem cell and developmental biology have introduced a new era marked by the generation of in vitro models that recapitulate early mammalian development, providing unprecedented opportunities for extensive research in embryogenesis. Here, we present an overview of current techniques tha...
Denoising diffusion models embody a type of generative artificial intelligence that can be applied in computer vision, natural language processing and bioinformatics. In this Review, we introduce the key concepts and theoretical foundations of three diffusion modelling frameworks (denoising diffusion probabili...
To test whether brain mapping specifically and systematically depends on the language proficiency of the model, we assess the brain scores of each of the 32 architectures trained with 100 distinct amounts of data. For each of these training steps, we compute the top-1 accuracy of the model ...