What is the translation process? Understand the process of translation. Learn what happens during the initiation, elongation, and termination phase...
The process of translation creates a polypeptide chain that still needs to be modified before it can work properly as a new protein. The primary structure of aprotein, its amino acid sequence, represents only a small part of its eventual function. The protein is modified after translation by f...
Transcription, the synthesis of RNA from DNA. Genetic information flows from DNA into protein, the substance that gives an organism its form. This flow of information occurs through the sequential processes of transcription (DNA to RNA) and translation (
CONCEPT 20.2 Biologists use DNA technology to study gene expression and function 生物学家使用DNA技术研究基因表达和功能 (Page 423) Analyzing Gene Expression 分析基因表达 (Page 423) Determining Gene Function 确定基因功能 (Page 426) CONCEPT 20.3 Cloned organisms and stem cells are useful for basic res...
Here, we review the remarkable range of discoveries that genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have facilitated in population and complex-trait genetics, the biology of diseases, and translation toward new therapeutics. In the introductory sections, we provide a background for this review, summariz...
Protein synthesis encompasses three primary steps: transcription (Figure 3), splicing (Figure 4), and translation. During transcription, a DNA segment corresponding to a gene serves as a template that is replicated into a molecule known as messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA molecule undergoes splicing...
1b and Supplementary Table 1). Many of the highly abundant proteins were ribosomal proteins and translation factors, which we reasoned could bind to the beads nonspecifically and rank highly due to their sheer abundance in bacteria. At the same time, RNAP-interacting proteins expressed at low ...
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Our current and prior findings highlight how chemical modifications of mRNA tune the dynamics of protein synthesis at different steps of translation elongation.This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options