1.1 Origins and Early Uses of the Term “Molecular Biology” The term “Molecular Biology” was first coined by the mathematician and science administrator Warren Weaver (1894–1978). Between 1932 and 1955 he served as director of the Division of Natural Sciences at the Rockefeller Foundation, wh...
We then related pleiotropy as defined by the module–trait associations derived here with pleiotropy defined by CRISPR gene deletion studies. For each Gene Ontology (GO) term, we calculated the enrichment in genes linked with many traits in our analysis with the enrichment in genes having many ge...
Most aneuploid eggs cannot develop to term upon fertilization, making high levels of aneuploidy in eggs a leading cause of pregnancy loss and infertility in women1,2,3. Aneuploidy in eggs arises from chromosome segregation errors during oocyte meiosis1,4. Despite its fundamental importance for ...
Long-term validation of BLD_GSH_10 clones. a Representative distribution of GFP fluorescence signals in HUDEP2 WT cells (gray) and cells from a HUDEP2 clone with a GFP reporter transgene integrated in the GSH site (blue) in day 1 and day 90, respectively. b Bar plots showing the normaliz...
A novel tetracycline labeling schedule for longitudinal evaluation of the short-term effects of anabolic therapy with a single iliac crest bone biopsy: early actions of teriparatide. J Bone Miner Res. 2006;21(3):366–73. CAS PubMed Google Scholar Seeman E. Age- and menopause-related bone ...
Studying pedagogical knowledge for active-learning instruction requires clearly defining what we mean by active-learning instruction. Previously, active learning has been so poorly defined that some have proposed we do away with the term entirely (Cooper 2016). However, we contend that active learning...
It may be that seasonal shifts take place too quickly to affect microbiome for any given individual, and longer-term dietary and environmental differences between individuals drive microbiome variation at a population level. Whilst diet composition has been found to be a primary regulator of the micr...
Despite their ubiquity, caseins preserve less well over the long term than BLG proteins, which are more commonly recovered in archaeological studies53. Overall, our study yielded a greater diversity of milk proteins than previously recovered from ancient and historic human dental calculus (refs. 30...
However, their specificity has been questioned, and long-term toxicity remains a concern93,94. Moreover, they cannot be targeted to specific cell populations. Fortunately, it is now possible to use genetically encoded fluorescent proteins to image ionic species95,96,97,98. GCaMP and its ...
Plant roots may also exhibit skewing, the term given to the longer duration, slanted progression of roots growing along a near-vertical surface, and which may be related to the same CFR that directs waving. In certain cultivars of Arabidopsis an endogenous structural asymmetry results in a rotat...