2 and 3). Over the course of evolution, butterfly speciation was substantially higher in the tropics than in temperate zones (Supplementary Data 1). More dispersal events originated in the tropics (Supplementary Fig. 6), as evidenced by relative mean out-of-tropics dispersal rates from the ...
These plants are mainly localized in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Hengduan Mountains, and Himalaya between the elevational range of 2000 m to 5800 m, where habitat changes from temperate forests to alpine meadows to screes and nival zones [37,38]. The East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region is ...