The AMPs' underlying mechanism and biophysical properties required for anti-biofilm activity are not fully known. Here we present protocols for investigating AMPs' biological activity against major stages of biofilm life cycle, namely, planktonic stage (MIC assay), initial adhesion to surfaces (...
The results of antibiofilm assay showed a concentration dependent increase in biofilm inhibition. BIC of oleic acid was varying between Candida species. For the wild type (ATCC 90028) and clinical isolates of C. albicans (CA1, CA2, CA3 and CA4) and C. glabrata (MTCC 3019), BIC was found...
Nitrogenase activity assay on A. brasilense Sp7 was taken using the same method as mentioned above on P. stutzeri A1501. Nitrogenase activity is expressed as nmol ethylene per hour per OD600 of inoculum. For the assay of nitrogenase inhibition, 20 mM ammonia chloride or glutamate were supplied...
The inhibition rate curve and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were obtained using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standard methods [37]. In a 96-well microplate, 100 μL of TSB medium was added to each well. In the first column, 100 μL of SL Ms, HK,...
Enzyme activity inhibition assay SRH (the LuxS substrate) was prepared according to a previous protocol [32]. A 1 mg/mL solution of SAH and 1 M HCl was reacted in boiling water for 20 min. The SRH solution was diluted to 4 mM with 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer. The effects of natur...
The greatest inhibition of biofilm formation was due to antiserum against chimV4, which indicated an additive effect when both Tfp and OMP P5 are targeted, as by design. In contrast, there was no effect of any antisera tested against biofilm formation by Mcat alone at either 34°C (C) or...
(4 °C). The sonicated sample was centrifuged at 15,000 rpm for 30 min at 4 °C and the resulting supernatant was used for the assay of antioxidant enzymes. The protein extracted without using nanoparticles was used as control. Total SOD activity was assayed by monitoring the inhibition of...
Therefore, we hypothesized that inhibition of biofilm formation by spermine is also a direct result of altered vps expression. To investigate this possibility, we used a colorimetric reporter assay by making use of a chromosomal vpsLp-lacZ fusion in cell cultures containing varying amounts of ...
Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the incorporation of three different zwitterionic materials—MPC, CBMA, and SBMA polymers—into LCFV in regard to the inhibition of biofilm accumulation. Specifically, comparative analyses of the properties of LCFV with three zwitterionic materials incorporated and...
This biofilm formation protocol was adapted from that used for the microtiter plate assay in this invention, to obtain a sufficient quantity of biofilm cells for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Biofilms were prepared by using a slight modification of a previously described method (Ren ...