应该说一定程度上乔姆斯基是借"柏拉图问题"质疑以斯金纳(B.F. Skinner)为代表的行为主义环境决定论(外源论),但实际上,"柏拉图问题"涉及知识论的根本问题,"在乔姆斯基的某些著作中,人们可以找到19世纪哲学—心理学家的影子。乔姆斯基和斯金纳的争论不仅体现了他...
R., “Psychological Value Theory and Research: 1930–1960.” Unpublished doctoral thesis, Boston University, 1961. Gage, N. L., “Review of Allport, Vernon, and LindzeyStudy of Values.” In Buros, O. K., ed.,Fifth Mental Measurement Yearbook. Highland Park, N. J., Gryphon Press, ...
relational frame theory, and the challenge of human language and cognition: A reply to the commentaries onRelational Frame Theory: A Post-Skinnerian Account of Human Language and Cognition. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 19, 39–54.
love.FreudandSkinnerhadexplanationsofallofthese.#~#E,U7C9[+\,r0M+VNow,thisisnotahistorycourse.Ihavezerointerestindescribinghistoricalfiguresinpsychologyjustforthesakeoftellingyouaboutthehistoryofthefield.WhatIwanttotellyouaboutthoughis--Iwanttotalkabouttheseideasbecausesomuchrestsonthemand,evenmoreimportantly...
智能导学系统源于20世纪五六十年代的“教学机器”(Skinner, 1961)与“计算机辅助教学”(Carbonell, 1970)研究,其事先设计好的矫正策略会在学习者作答错误时提供及时反馈,以帮助教学目标的达成。20世纪八九十年代,伴随人工智能领域的第二次发展高潮,信息科学与认...
Learning theorists such as Skinner maintained ( 1957 ) that language is acquired through reinforcement. Chomsky (1959 )argued that language was far too complex to be learned so completely in such a short space of time, by cognitively immature toddlers ( baby, child) , merely by reinforcement. ...
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Sociallearningtheory 学习理论：在任何情境下每个人都会学到某种行为，在多次学习之后还会成为习惯。以后当相同或类似的情境再次出现时，个体将会采取惯用的方式做反应。霍尔（Hull）、斯金纳以及米勒（Miller）和多纳德（Dollard）等人将行为理论的原理运用到社会心理学上。20世纪70年代以来，著名的社会心理学家...
Skinner, B. F. (1953). Science and human behavior. New York: Macmillan. Spence, K. (1956). Behavior theory and conditioning. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Spradlin, J. E., Cotter, V. W., & Baxley, N. (1973). Establishing con- ditional discrimination without direct training...
the reviews are suggested by the help theoretical development (particu- larly the kind of theoretical develop- ment behavior analysts favor-expla- nations of observations that are made at the same level of analysis as the ob- servation; Skinner, 1950), and good re- views are widely cited....